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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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common changes in the integument system
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loss of skin elasticity (wrinkles, sags, dry, tears easily)
thinning hair (face hair < in men, > in women) |
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common changes in respiratory system
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decreased vital capacity (increased anterior-posterior chest diameter)
increased risk of respiratory infections |
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Common changes in the cardiovascular system
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thickening of blood vessel walls
increased systolic blood pressure; decreased peripheral circulation |
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Common changes in the musculoskeletal system
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degenerative joint changes
dehydration of intervertebral disks (decreases height) |
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Common changes in sensory: taste
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often diminished, may have fewer taste buds
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common changes in male genitourinary
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enlargement of the prostate
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common changes in female reproductive system
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decreased estrogen production
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common changes in male reproductive system
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sperm count diminishes
smaller testes |
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Delirium onset
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acute/subacute, depends on the cause (often at twilight or darkness)
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dementia onset:
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chronic, generally insidious, depends on cause
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depression onset:
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chronic, generally insidious, depends on cause
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delirium course and progression
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course: short, diurnal fluctuations in symptoms, worse at night, in darkness, and on awakening
progression: abrupt |
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dementia course and progression:
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course: long, no diurnal effects, symptoms progressive yet relatively stable over time
progression: slow but uneven |
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depression course and progression:
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course: diurnal effects (occurs on a daily basis), typically worse in the morning, situational fluctuations, but less than with delirium
progression: variable, rapid or slow but even. At least 6 weeks, but can be several mos-years. |
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What problems may occur when giving injections from decreased tissue elasticity, and what can a nurse do to prevent the problems?
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problem: poor seal of tissues after injection and oozing or poor absorption may result
nursing measure: use z-track method for injections to facilitate sealing |
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What problems can occur due to decreased cardiac efficiency when administering IV drugs? What can a nurse do to prevent these problems?
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problem: greater risk exists for circulatory overload during IV administration of medications
nurse measures: monitor IV drip closely. Observe for signs of circulatory overload, such as rise in blood pressure, rapid respirations, coughing, or SOB. Listen to lung sounds- crackles, etc. |
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What problems can occur while administering meds due to less gastric acid in older adults? What can the nurse do to prevent them?
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problem: slower absorption of drugs that require low gastric pH may result
measures: ensure that gastric acid is not further reduced by other drugs such as antacids |
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what hearing disability causes elderly to lose ability to hear high-pitched sounds and sibilant consonants such as s, sh, and ch?
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Presbycusis
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What is the progressive decline in the abilit of the eyes to accomodate for close, detailed work?
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Presbyopia
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functional assesment
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evaluation of the physical cognitive abilities required to maintain independence
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ADL
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activities of daily living
bathing, dressing, eating, elimination, etc. |
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IADLs
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instrumental activities of daily living
basic daily activities to live independently in the community- ex. cooking, cleaning, laundry, shopping, transportation, managing finances, using the telephone, etc. |
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Elder mistreatment definition and stats
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general term for both abuse and neglect
only 1 in 14 cases reported. 1.5-2 million annually |
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elder mistreatment s/s
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-unexplained injuries
- overdose/underdose, dehydration, poor hygiene, pressure ulcers -psychological signs: weight changes, difficulty slwwping, infantile behavior, ambivalence, withdrawn or agitated behavior. -financial |
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Restorative care
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2 types of ongoing care:
- continuing the convalescence from acute illness or surgery that began in the acute care setting - addressing chronic conditions that affect day-to-day functioning. |
