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44 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
low birth weight
5.5 or less
Lowest infant mortality
highest "
Singapore
US
First trimester
second "
third "
1-13 weeks
14- 27 weeks
28-40 weeks
-Placenta is formed
-Umbilical cord connects baby to placenta
-Fetus most vulnerable to inadequate nutrition, drugs and alcohol
1st trimester
- fetus gains about 2 lbs
-responds to light and sounds
-mother gains about 1lb per week
2nd trimester
- rapid fetal growth and developement
-fetus stimulates birth through a signal from developed lungs
3rd trimester
calorie increase in pregnancy
250-300 a day
500 adolescent
protien needs increase by
25 grams a day
Vegetarians need to watch this
carbs increase to ........g per day
175
fiber is important to help prevent................and ...............
constipation and hemorroids
................needs do not change during pregnancy
fats
recommended total weight gain ....................
Based on .................weight.
Only ..........to ..........% gain the recommended weight
25-35 lbs
(15-25 if overweight, 28-40 if underweight)
pre-pregnancy
only 10-40%
1st trimester weight gain......
remainder of pregnancy.........
average weight gained is........
2-4 lbs
1lb a week
24-28 lbs
app weight distribution
baby ........
placenta........
amniotic fluid..........
7.5 lbs
1.5
2
app weight distribution
breasts
uterus
body fluids
blood
fat, protien
2 lbs
2
4
4
7
Safe motherhood begins before conception with proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle and continues with appropriate prenatal care, the prevention of complications when possible, and the early and effective treatment of complications. The ideal result is a pregnancy at term without unnecessary interventions, the delivery of a healthy infant, and a healthy postpartum period in a positive environment that supports the physical and emotional needs of the woman, infant, and family.”
CDC states
Hypermesis gravidarum is .........can be relieved by ...........
severe morning sickness
salty foods , ginger
-in 7% of all pregnancies
-Goes away after delivery
-Mother has increased risk of .......... later in life
-Controlled with diet and exercise
-Can result in large baby
-Testing performed at 24–28 weeks
gestational diabetes
macrosomia
large baby
Pregnancy-induced hypertension
5-10% of all pregnancies
pre eclampsia
eclampsia
pre eclampsia with siezures
breastfeeding recommended for at least first ......months.
less than .......of women breastfeed this long
6
one third
prolactin
milk producing hormone
oxytocin
let down reflex
breastfeeding women need .........more calories a day
500
lactating women need more of what vitamins?
A, C, E, and B12
infant nutrition beyond milk .......calories per lb/day. More in 1st months, less at 12 months
40 -50
infant nutrition beyond milk.
fats should be .........% of calories until 2 yo
50-60%
Infant nutrition beyond milk.
Protein should be no more than .........% of calories. Too much is tough on immature kidneys.
20%
Infants have no need for ............under normal circumstances
supplements
When cereal is given before 4 months, risk of ............increases.
diabetes
fruits and veggies b4 6 months increases risk of ..............
anemia
Nutrients such as ........., ............, ...........,............can be problematic for breast fed infants after 6 months. Formulas are fortified with them.
iron, zinc, vitamin A and Vitamin b6
If vegetarian and no dairy, consider a ..............supplement.
B12
Honey (toxins from botulism)
Cow’s milk (the single most common food allergen for young children)
Eggs, especially egg whites (common allergen)
Peanuts (allergic families may want to avoid during the first three years)
Citrus fruits and tomato, especially raw (common allergens)
Dried fruits (sticky on teeth and a possible choking risk)
Fried foods (high in calories with low nutritional value)
Foods with added sugar or salt. (Why encourage poor habits
Best to wait a year b4 giving
folic acid (the supplement form of folate) found in
multivitamins, fortified cereals, products made from white flour
folate (the vitamin) found in
green leafy veggies, oranges, legumes
When ........ is insufficient, it transfers to the baby at the mothers expense
iron
Pica is often associated with .............. deficiency
Iron
Geophagia
consumption of dirt
Amylophagia
consumption laundry starch, corn starch
pagophagia
consumption of ice and freezer frost
fish to avoid - high in mercury
shark, swordfish, king mackarel, tilefish
low in mercury fish
shrimp, light tuna, salmon, pollock, catfish