Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
double-helical molecule that carries the hereditary information of the cell |
|
|
messenger RNA (mRNA) |
RNA that carries information from DNA to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
|
|
nucleic acid |
biological macromolecule that carries the genetic blueprint of a cell and carries instructions for the functioning of the cell |
|
|
nucleotide |
monomer of nucleic acids; contains a pentose sugar, one or more phosphate groups, and a nitrogenous base |
|
|
phosphodiester |
linkage covalent chemical bond that holds together the polynucleotide chains with a phosphate group linking two pentose sugars of neighboring nucleotides |
|
|
polynucleotide |
long chain of nucleotides |
|
|
purine |
type of nitrogenous base in DNA and RNA; adenine and guanine are purines |
|
|
pyrimidine |
type of nitrogenous base in DNA and RNA; cytosine, thymine, and uracil are pyrimidines |
|
|
ribonucleic acid (RNA) |
single-stranded, often internally base paired, molecule that is involved in protein synthesis |
|
|
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) |
RNA that ensures the proper alignment of the mRNA and the ribosomes during protein synthesis and catalyzes the formation of the peptide linkage |
|
|
transcription |
process through which messenger RNA forms on a template of DNA |
|
|
transfer RNA (tRNA) |
RNA that carries activated amino acids to the site of protein synthesis on the ribosome |
|
|
translation |
process through which RNA directs the formation of protein |
