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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Binding Energy
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([Mass of P + Mass of N) - Mass of Nucleid) *c^2
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Disintegration Energy
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(Mass Reactants - Mass Products) * c^2
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1 amu is how many eV?
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932.0 MeV
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Decay Constant (λ)
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λ = ln(2) / Half life
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Formula for half life decay in terms of λ:
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% remainder = e^(-λ*Time)
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Formula for half life decay in terms of Half life:
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% remainder = e^(ln(.5)*Time / Half Life)
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What is a Beta Particle?
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Electron
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What is an Alpha Particle
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4
He 2 |
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What is the heaviest element created by our sun?
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Iron (Fe)
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Elements with Z values less than Iron are likely to undergo what kind of reaction?
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Fusion
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Elements with Z values greater than Iron are likely to undergo what kind of reaction?
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Fission
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Let N = the number of atoms in a system. What is the rate equation (dN / dT) of the system in terms of the decay constant λ?
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-dN / dT = λN
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What is the half life of Carbon 14?
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~5730 years
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Carbon dating occurs by what decay process? Give the formula.
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Beta Decay:
C-14 -> N-14 + (e-) + gamma ray |
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What is the purpose for control rods in reactors?
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To absorb neutrons.
Ex: B-10 + n -> Li-7 + He-4 +2.8eV (heat) |
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Why do most reactors use nuclear "moderators" (that is, why do we want to use slow neutrons)?
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Higher capture rate for slow neutrons. Moderators serve to decrease the energy of neutrons ("slowing" them).
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What are the 3 most common nuclear moderators?
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H2O
D2O (Deuterium) Graphite |
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How does one enrich Uranium (obtain U-235)?
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Mix U with HF, yielding: UF6 (g)
Place the gas in a centrifuge--the uranium will naturally separate. React with Ca to get U-235 + CaF2 |
