Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Cell differentiation in cancer:
|
- The degree of change the tissue cells have undergone. -Poorly differentiated cells grow quicker - no longer reassemble original tissue. -Well diferentiated cells grow more slowly. |
|
|
Oncogene
|
- A gene that has the potential to cause cancer. - Many cancer drugs target the protiens encoded by oncogenes. |
|
|
P53 gene
|
- Gatekeeper gene: regulating growth of tumour - Caretaker gene: maintaining integrety of the genome |
|
|
Cancer regulation genes:
|
When damaged... - Tumour suppressor genes switched off - Mismatch repair genes switched off - Oncogenes switched on |
|
|
Angiogenesis
|
- The formation of new blood vessels. - Happens in cancerous tumours |
|
|
Metastasis
|
Secondary malignent growths away from primary site of cancer. Happens in 3 ways: 1- Circulation in blood/lymphatic system 2- Accidental transplantation during surgery 3- Spreading to adjacent organs and tissues. |
|
|
TNM staging of cancer cells:
|
Tumour: size, depth, surface spread. Node: presence and extent of lymph node involvement Metasteties: presence/absence of distant spread |
|
|
Hyperplasia
|
Excessive rate of cell division
|
|
|
Displasia
|
Loss of normal arrangement of cell
|
