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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A micron is? |
One millionth of a meter |
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There are three types of fatigue: _____,_____, and _____. |
1.) Acute Fatigue 2.) Cumulative Fatigue 3.) Circadian Fatigue |
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The minimum acceptable NVG preflight visual acuity for the AN/AVS-9 is _____ while viewing a high contrast target under high illumination conditions. |
20/30 |
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Luminance is dependent entirely on |
Reflected energy emanating from the terrain |
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When can NVG FOV be less than the optimal 40 degree _____ |
When the eyepiece is set to far away from the eye |
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The Microchannel Plate is tilted at an approximate _____ dias angle to ensure a first electron impact near the channel entrance |
5° |
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NVGs operate in both ______ and _____ _____ spectrum |
Visible, Near IR |
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For NVG aided operations AC should plan for NVGs to be most effective following _____ or when the sun has at least _____ below the horizon |
EENT,12° |
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What are the degrees below the horizon for each term? Civil Twilight _____, Nautical Twilight _____, Astronomical Twilight _____. |
Civil: 0° to 6° Nautical: 7° to 12° Astronomical: 13° to 18° |
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How do you adjust the goggle if shading is present? |
By moving the individual monocular toward the area of shading. |
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Define Circadian Fatigue |
Biological clock or circadian rhythm describes the approximate 24 hour cycle or rhythm that drives many psychological functions that are highly correlated with numerous human performance parameters. |
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Define Cumulative Fatigue |
Characterized as the accumulation of fatigue over time usually days or even weeks. |
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Define Acute Fatigue |
Is intensive exhaustion felt because of the nautual build up of muscular metabolic waist. |
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_____ perception is easily acquired using NVGs |
Depth |
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_____ is the distance between the pupils of the eyes |
The Interpupillary Distance (IPD) |
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The final objective lens infinity focus adjustment can be accomplished by focusing on an object at least _____ preferably the object will have well defined vertical or horizontal linear features |
150 ft away |
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On unaided night flights, NSQ AC (May/May not) wear and temporarily utilize NVGs to enhance SA, Terrain avoidance, and safety |
May |
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Can solar lunar almanac predictions assist aircrew in planning for shadows: T/F |
False |
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On a moonless night about _____ of the energy is provided by emissions from atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere known as _____. |
40%, Airglow |
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Illumination or illuminance is Express in terms of the unit _____ or _____ |
Lux, Lumens per square meter |
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_____ filtering is currently used for all AN/AVS-9 F4949R and F4949-T NVGs |
Class B |
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The point where the background temperature passes the target temperature is called the _____ _____ |
Diurnal Crossover |
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When the voltage drops to between _____ and _____ VDC, the low battery indicator located at the base of the helmet mounting plate assembly will blink |
2.0, 2.2 |
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_____ or _____ and density will determine the overall affect on NVD performance |
Sand, Dust practical size |
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The moon is usually the _____ source of _____ illumination for NVG operations |
Primary, Natural |
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The moon reflects about _____ of the sunlight that strikes it. |
7% |
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The approved method for deriving illumination requirement for night operations is the |
Solar/Lunar Almanac program application (SLAP) |
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Terrain slope is the _____ of the _____ of the overall terrain. |
Measure, Tilt |
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One of the most common mis-adjustment made with the AN/AVS-9 NVGs is _____ |
Inner pupillary Distance |
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Terrain gradient is the contour of the terrain and can be divided into three broad categories. |
1. Flat 2. Rolling 3. Rough |
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What would have the greatest terrain contrast? |
Asphalt and Snow |
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Terrain texture provides _____ and _____ _____ cues and improves the _____ level of aircrew. |
Recognition, Depth Perception, Comfort |
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The objective focus ring is located on the objective lens in front of each monocular of the binocular assembly. The range of focus extends from _____ |
41cm to Optical Infinity |
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The BSP circuit _____ the number of ______ leaving the photocathode by reducing the voltage between the _____ and the imput side of the microchannel plate. This feature automatically activates when high input levels cause _____ photocathode current to flow. |
Limits, Electrons, Photocathode, Excessive |
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Visible light and near-IR energy possesses primarily _____ _____ characteristics. |
Reflected energy |
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Reflected light (luminance) is normally expressed in terms of _____ _____ |
Foot Lamberts |
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Terrain assessment can be divided into three basic areas |
1. Density 2. Terrain Profile 3. Vertical Obstructions |
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The certification stage of the light syllabus must be complete within _____ following the first IUT flight if _____ have elapse since _____ of any IUT flight, that flight must be _____ prior to completing the final certification. |
6 months, 6 months, completion, reflown |
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A lunar month is approximately _____ days. |
29.5 |
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The four phases of the moon are. |
1. New 2. Waxing 3. Full 4. Waning |
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AN/AVS-9 NVGs increase the potential for _____ _____ during a hard landing or ejection. |
Neck Injury |
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All aircrew shall be _____ HLL per appropriate T&R syllabus prior to commencing LLL syllabus training. |
NSQ |
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As the _____ _____ decreases, so does the ability of the NVG to resolve ground detail, especially at increased ranges/altitudes. |
Illumination Level |
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Our ability to see key terrain features is largely a function of the amount of _____ _____ of those features. |
Energy Reflected |
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Illumination or illuminance is defined as _____. |
The amount of light generated from a source. |
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The human eyes normal FOV is approximately |
180° horizontal, 140° vertical |
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Starlight provides approximately _____ lux. |
.00022 |
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Tilitrotor LAT is composed of both _____ and _____ flight profiles, and can be accomplished in APLN and CONV modes. |
Low Level, Contour |
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The designed ey-relief for the AN/AVS-9 is _____. This adjustment is critical for maintaining _____ and for optimizing NVG FOV. |
25mm, Look-underability |
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The NSI certification stage of the flight must be complete with in ______ following the first IUT flight. |
6 months |
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What are the NVG training codes |
IDK |
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What are the eight types of NVG defects? |
1.) Edge shading 5.) Honeycomb 2.) Edge glow 6.) Chicken wire noise 3.) Bright spots 7.) Shear Distortion 4.) Black spots 8.) Wave Distortion |
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What are the two methods for NVG preflight focusing? |
ANV 20/20, NVG eye lane |
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The _____ _____ _____ (_____) circuit limits the number of electrons leaving the _____ by reducing the voltage between the photocathode and the input side of the MCP. |
Bright Source Protection, BSP, Photocathode |
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The _____ _____ _____ (_____) circuit _____ adjusts MCP voltage to maintain NVG Image brightness to a preset output for a wide range of illumination levels by controlling the number of electrons that exit the MCP. |
Automatic brightness control, ABC, automatically |
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As a rule of thumb, no more than _____ of _____ followed by a complete scan of aircraft flight parameters as well as the environment has to be accomplished. |
Two seconds of heads down time |
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The increased scan required with NVGs must be balanced excessive head-movement as the potential for _____ and _____ increased with increased head movement. |
Disorientation, fatigue |
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Compatibility in lighting can be achieved in one of three ways |
1. Spectral separation 2. Geometry 3. Absorption |
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What does LASER stand for? |
Light Aplification by the stimulated emission of radiation |
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A nanometer is |
One thousandths of a micron |
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Dark adaptation is required for NVG use. T/F |
FALSE |
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The three major factors that influence NVD performance are _____, _____, and _____. |
Illumination/thermal scene, Terrain contrast, atmosphere conditions |
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For each electron that enters the Mirco Channel Plate, _____ or _____ will exit. |
1,000, more |
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The primary lunar illumination factor is lunar _____ or _____. |
Cycle or Phase |
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The distance from the earth to the moon changes _____% per lunar cycle. |
26% |
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What are the seven forms of night illumination ? |
1. Airglow 2. Starlight 3. Moon light 4. Auroras 5. Zodiac light 6. Gegenscheins 7. Noctilucent clouds |
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_____ use _____ be noted on the flight schedule. |
NVG, shall |
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When NVGs are correctly aligned there should be no shading. T/F |
TRUE |
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To properly focus the AN/AVS-9 NVG, the focus procedures in order are: |
1. Objective focus 2. Eyepiece diopter focus 3. Readjustment of objective focus 4. Focus of the opposite monocular |
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To properly focus the AN/AVS-9 NVG, the focus procedures in order are: |
1. Objective focus 2. Eyepiece diopter focus 3. Readjustment of objective focus 4. Focus of the opposite monocular |
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The effects of _____ are similar to those of clouds. |
Fog |
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NVGs are _____ sensors that use _____ _____ tube technology. |
Passive, image intensifier |
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NVGs operate in this portion of the EM spectrum, known as _____ and _____ region. |
Visible, Near IR |
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The amount of light provided by the moon is highly variable and is influenced by four factors. |
1. Lunar cycle 2. Moon angle 3. Lunar albedo 4. Variation in earthy moon distance |
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Moonless nights also have significant usable energy for NVG aided operations. This is due to the large _____ composition of the night sky illumination. This night sky near IR energy matches the _____ sensitivity of the AN/AVS-9. |
Near IR, Peak |
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The moon is about _____ brighter during the first quarter _____ than it is during the third quarter _____ due to the differences in the lunar surface. |
20% , waxing , waning |
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Under HLL conditions, flight over low _____ terrain will significantly degrade the _____ _____. |
Contrast, NVG image |
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Optical flow provides the visual perception system the _____ necessary to interpret _____ and _____ of _____. |
Information, speed, direction of motion |
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Aircraft incandescent external lighting shall be at the _____ intensity consistent with NVD compatibility. |
Highest |
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The three primary terrain factors the need to be examined for proper NVG mission planning include: |
1. Terrain reflectivity 2. Terrain contrast 3. Terrain shadowing |
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AN/AVS9 NVGs poses a _____ designed eye relief which allows the _____ to be kept _____ away from the ones eyes while still maintaining a _____ field of view. |
25mm, NVGs, Farther, 40° |
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The three primary terrain factors that need to be examined for proper NVG mission planning include. |
1. Terrain reflectivity 2. Terrain contrast 3. Terrain shadowing |
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It is possible for thin, wispy clouds to be seen by the _____ _____ but remain invisible when viewed through _____. |
Naked Eye, NVGs |
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The two major changes that defined the transition from GEN 2 to 3rd GEN I2 tubes were the introduction of a _____ photocathode and the use of an _____ protective coating on the input MCP. |
Gallium arsenide, aluminum oxide |
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Distance estimation is significantly altered with NVGs, objects will appear _____ than they actually are. |
Further away |
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Dialing in too much negative diopter may cause severe eye strain or headache. T/F |
True |
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The fiber optic inverter is actually a bundle of millions of microscopic light transmitting fibers that are heated and given a _____. |
180 degree twist |
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All enlisted AC flying NVG HLL flights shall fly with a designated _____/_____ unless both the CC and AO are _____ HLL. All enlisted AC flying NVG LLL shall fly with a _____ unless both the CC and AO are _____ LLL. |
NSI/NSFI, NSQ, NSI, NSQ |
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The relationship between illumination and luminance yields a ratio (incident energy to reflected energy) which is called ______. |
Albedo |
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Due to the wide and rapid changes in lunar illumination a computer program was developed to help night systems squadrons properly plan missions. |
Solar/lunar almanac predictions (SLAP) |
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Most of the time, open deserts present a washed out image though NVGs due to poor _____ and _____. |
Contrast, terrain density |
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Following NVG preflight using the ANV 20/20, verification on the infinity focus should be conducted by viewing either distant stars or objects with distinct vertical or horizontal linear characteristics at least _____ away. |
150 ft |
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Visible light and near IR energy possess primarily _____ energy characteristics, whereas the EM bands of the Mid IR and far IR possess primarly _____ energy characteristics. |
Reflected, radiated |
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If the NVGs are mounted too far away from the ACmans eyes the ACmen will experience ? |
Significant loss of FOV |
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Eye scan (IPD) adjustment has a minimum adjustment of _____ mm and a max of _____ mm. |
51, 72 |
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Following successful completion of a _____ nautical mile segment on an approved LAT route at the appropriate currency interval altitude, the aircrew is considered _____ and my continue LAT at the next lower currency interval. |
50, current |
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_____ is a measure of the difference between the _____ (albedo differences) of two or more surfaces. |
Terrain contrast, reflectivity |
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Initial Night systems carrier qualification training shall be accomplished under _____ conditions. |
High Light Level |
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_____ _____ is the movement of objects across the optimal field and is critical to out perception of movement. |
Optical flow |
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The automatic brightness control (ABC) circuit automatically adjusts _____ voltage to maintain NVG image _____ at a preset output for a wide range of _____ levels by controlling the number of _____ that exit the MCP. |
MCP, brightness, illumination, electrons |
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Crewmembers shall fly NVD events with a designated and proficient _____ ( or _____ for 1000 phase training ) unless the AC are _____ for the predicted light level. |
NSI , NSFI, NSQ |
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The AN/AVS-9 mount also allows the binocular assembly to "break away" or detach from the mount during ejection or with a crash load of _____. |
10 to 15 Gs |
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The eyepiece lens focus adjustment will allow you to compensate for visual refractive focus errors, however, it will not correct for _____. |
Astigmatisms |
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NVG Image brightness remains constant from approx. _____ _____ down to approx. _____ _____ illumination through activation of the NVGs automatic _____ control system (_____ _____ _____) |
Full Moon, quarter moon, gain, automatic brightness control |
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The fiber optic inverter provides the needed inversion to produce an _____ image without requiring a second lens assembly. The fiber optic inverter also _____ the image, making the image at the eyepiece lens appear to be at the appropriate distance. |
Upright, collimates |
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_____ will require almost exclusive effort be devoted to flight path monitoring because of the rapid changes in terrain fearures. |
Rough terrain |
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Maintaining ______ ______ required input from both components of a visual system, central (focal) vision and peripheral (ambient) vision. |
Spatial orientation |
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The _____ is the most important _____ factor controlling the performance of NVDs. |
Atmosphere, environmental |
