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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bimetallic Strip
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different metals expand at different rates causing it to uncurl
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Thermocouple
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different metals in contact produce a voltage based on temp.
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RTD
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measures voltage from a change in resistance to get temp
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Liquid in Glass
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fluid expands based on temp
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Manometer
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uses different heights of a fluid to measure pressure
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Bellows Gage
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expands against a spring based on pressure
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Pressure
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Force per unit area
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a. Internal Kinetic Energy
b. conduction c. radiation d. work e. heat |
a. energy associated with the activity of molecules
b. heat flow from hot to cold via contact c. heat transfer that does not include contact d. mechanical energy in transition e. thermal energy in transition |
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a. latent heat
b. subcooled heat c. latent heat of vaporization d. saturated liquid |
a. heat added results in physical change
b. liquid at specific pressure that is below Tsat c. amount of heat necessary to change liquid to vapor w/o changing temp d. liquid at a specific pressure which is at Tsat for a pressure |
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In main steam cycle, turbin converts (blank) energy to (blank) energy
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thermal; mechanical
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boiler economizer
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utilizes waste heat by heating feedwater
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DFT
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removes air from feedwater, heats feedwater, stores feedwater
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when is working substance at lowest temp in steam cycle?
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condenser
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pressure in main condenser during normal operation
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28" Hg vacuum
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main air ejectors remove air from non-condensible gages from...
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main condenser
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essential to closed thermodynamic cycle
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heat receiver, pump, heat source, working substance, engine
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steam exhausting into the air ejector condensor is changed into water when it comes in contact with tubes through which
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seawater flows
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purpose of main feed booster pump
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prevent water from flashing to steam in main feed pump
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feedwater regulator control
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maintains water level in boiler/steam generator
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main circulating pump
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provides cooling water to main condensors at low ship speed
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sequence of four stroke engine
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power, exhaust, intake, compression--if starting at top of its stroke
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slow neutrons
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cause fission
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control rods
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control neutron population
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a. alpha
b. beta c. gamma d. neutron |
a. helium nucleus, stopped by skin, paper
b. high energy electron, stopped by clothes c. high energy photon, stopped by lead or water d. fast or thermal. stopped by borated polyester |
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a. TDC
b. BDC c. Camshaft d. flywheel e. crankshaft f. crankcase and oil sump |
a.top of piston travel
b. bottom of piston travel c. transmits power from fuel to exhaust valves d. helps ensure smooth operation of crankshaft e. transmits power to pistons and receives power from pistons f. bolted to cyliner block, holds oil for pistons |
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First law of thermodynamics
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energy can not be created or destroyed, only transfered
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Second law of thermo
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no cycle can have thermal efficiency of 100%
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advantages of GTE
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weigh less, cost less, less persons needed, more effiecient, simplicity, less vibrations, modular replacements
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entropy
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measure of disorder in a syster
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enthalpy
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combination of internal energy and flow work
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primary air
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30%, used for combustion
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secondary air
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65%, injected into combustion changed to cool combustion gasses
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film air
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5%, protects turbine
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reactor is critical
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neutrons produced = neutrons used, power is constant
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phases of main steam cycle
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1. generation
2. expansion 3. condensation 4. feed |
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net positive suction head
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regulates pressure to prevent formation of cavitation
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a. open/ closed cycle
b. heated/unheated cycle |
steam: closed, unheated
GTE: open, unheated Diesel: open, heated |
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Spruance class destroyer:
# gas turbines, # shafts in operation |
full power: 4, 2
split plant: 2, 2 trail: 1, 1 |
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reduction gears
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prime purpose: allow prime mover and propeller to operate at most efficient speeds
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double helical reduction gear
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two sets of gear teeth cut at opposite but comp. angles across face of gear
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Kingsbury Thrust Bearing
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absorbs axial thrust transmitted by shaft and delivers thrust to hull of ship
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oil system service tank
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contains 24 hour supply of fuel and is for immediate use
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vapor-compression distillation unit
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distilling unit found on ships without steam plants
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flash type distilling unit
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flash chamber kept at a vacuum to allow feed to boil at lower temp
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Waterbury Pump
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varying the tilting box angle alters the capacity and direction of flow from the pump without changing speed or direction of prime mover
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armature
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conductors in which output voltage is induced
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slip ring and brushes
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provide electrical current to rotor windings
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transformer
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allows a voltage change with no moving parts
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articulated reduction gear
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first reduction gear connected to second pinion by quill shaft
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double reduction gear
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speed reduction in two steps
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locked train reduction gear
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power distributed equally by two sets of gear/shafts from high speed pinion to bull gear
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ABT
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device that sense a loss of power from a normal source and will automatically connect it to an alternate source
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Non-vital loads
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not required for the safe operation of the ship
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Circuit Breaker
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an electrical device that opens when the current exceeds a predetermined value
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switchboard
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contains busswork and distributed electrical power from gerneator to various circuits
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vital loads
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have multiper power sources and are usually connected via ABT
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degaussing system
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removes magnetic signature of the ship
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air compressor operating at 4500psig
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considered a High pressure air compressor
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chilled water circulating system
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air conditioning system in which water is cooled in the evaporator and circulated throughout the ship
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Condensor
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heat exchanger in which refrigerant rejects heat to a cooling medium
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methods to purify oil
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1. strain
2. purifiers 3. coalesars 4. filters |
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lump oil pumps
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ALOP, SLOP, ELOP
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hydraulic advantages
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safer, reliable, able to go long distances, variable speed control
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hydraulic disadvantages
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needs filtration, highly flamable
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applications of hydraulics
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stearing, weapons systems, deck machinary, mast/ antenna for subs
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revolving field vs revolving armature
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field has less voltage going through slip ring and brushes therefore giving the brushes a longer life since they can't handle high voltages
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3 elements to induce an EMF
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magnetic field, conductor, relative motion btw the two
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why use ungrounded electrical systems?
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continuity of power
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why is moisture in a high pressure system bad?
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it will freeze during expansion
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sagging
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deck under compression
keel under tension |
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hogging
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deck under tension
keel under compression |
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location of 2-15-3-C
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2: deck number, main is 1
15: frame 3: compartment, centerline of ship is 0, port-odd, starbird-even C: use |
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design considerations for ship building
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seaworthiness(stability, displacement, freeboard), structural integrity(engr design, weight), operational employment(mission, armament, maneuverability), trade-offs (cost, lifespan)
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how does a sub surface?
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air fills balace tanks, air more dense than water
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initial damage reports
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M:man in charge
A:assistance needed I:injuries D:damage assessment S:status of casualty |
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4 classes of fire
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A:ash-put out by water
B:fuel/oil C:electrical D: metals or non A,B,C |
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two pieces of damage eqip available to scene leader
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portable fire extinguisher, DC tool Roll, overhaul equip, atmosphere monitering equip
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3 phases of DC
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prevent, minimize effects, restore ship to effective fighting unit
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as draft increases, what happens to center of buoyancy? (CB)
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CB will rise, geometric center of the ship
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free surface effect
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occurs when a compartment or tank is only partially full, minimized if 3/4 or 1/4 full
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couple
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two forces equal in magnitude but opposite in direction
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metacenter
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the point where the intersection of a vertical line drawn through the center of buoyancy of a slightly listed vessel intersects with the centerline plane.
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drawbacks to PMS
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requires human involvement; work still must get done,even if you don't have enough people; improper maintenance
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i maintain current unit instructions and designate QPO's I also reinforce command emphasis on PQS
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XO
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what's on a MRC
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maintenance requirement card; instruction for individual PMS; step by step prodecure; lists safety precautions; individual who much do work
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Heeling over
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when a distributing force exerts an inclining moment on a ship, will heel at an angle
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material conditions of readiness
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X-least prtection when no danger of attack
Y-set and maintained at sea and in port at wartime or outside working hours Z-set during GQ |
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special classifications
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W-sea suction vales and fittings which serve vital systems
Circle X,Y-may be open only with special permission but then secured after use |
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More special classifications
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Circle Z-red circle, opened only with permission of CO during GQ
Circle W-black circle, ventilation fittings Dog Z- fittings closed to darken ship |
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Respiratory equip
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OBA
EEBD SEEDS EAB |
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types of PQS
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watch station (EOOW, OOD)
equip operator special evolutions all hands - DC, ship quals |
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PQS booklet
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-table of contents
-intro -defn -fundamentals |
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approves qual cards and serves as final approval authority in PQS
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CO
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PQS Coordinator
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-officer or senior enlisted
-maintains PQS material -liaison |
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who is responsible for admin of departamental PQS, designates QPOs for department
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department head
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who supervises all divisional PQS, maintains documentation for division
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division officer
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3M
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maintenance material management
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how does 3M work?
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1. 43-P1-mast book, updated semi-annually
2. cyclic schedule 3. quarterly schedule 4. weekly schedule 5. MRC |
