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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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supplies blood to lateral aspect of brain
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middle cerebral artery
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supplies choroid plexi
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anterior choroidal artery
(from MCA) |
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most common area of stroke
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middle cerebral artery
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why is the forehead usually spared in an MCA stroke?
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because the forehead part of the facial nerve nucleus is innervated bilaterally. an upper motor neuron problem will not cause paralysis of the facial muslces
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what is a defect in the left or right half of the visual field in both eyes?
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homonomous hemianopsia
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signs / symptoms of a posterior cerebral artery stroke?
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dysphagia
dysphonia homonomous hemianopsia headache/vomiting sudden devastating (medulla!) |
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subclavian steal syndrome
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if the left subclavian is stenotic, increased use of the left arm can steal blood from the brain (vertebral-->basilar-->post cerebral) causing ischemia and dizziness.
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4 cardiac sources of thrombo-emboli
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mural thrombus from MI
patent FO artificial heart valve vegetations atrial fib |
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how do transthoracic echocardiograms and transesophageal echocardiograms differ?
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TTE - noninvasive, looks at ventricles, looks for CHF, mural thrombus
TEE - invasive - looks at atria, finds atrial fib, patent FO, valve vegetations |
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hollenhurst plaque
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a calcified clot moving through the branches of the opthalmic artery causing scotoma
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how can a subcortical stroke cause only motor or only sensory deficit?
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a lacunar stroke in a lenticulostriate artery could infarct part of the internal capsule. the rostral internal capsule is motor, caudal is sensory.
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would a subcortical stroke of the LSA cause aphasia
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no. language centers not involved
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which would be more affected in a subcortical and cortical stroke: arm, leg, face?
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cortical: face>arm>leg
subcortical: face = arm = leg |
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how would a subcortical or cortical stroke influence level of consciousness?
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cortical can decrease level of consciousness
subcortical will not affect level of consciousness |
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how does hypertension cause occlusion of vessels?
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tunica media hypertrophies
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how can diabetes cause occlusion of arteries?
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may increase rate of atherosclerosis in small caliber blood vessels
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what is preferred type of imaging to detect acute ischemia?
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DWI and ADC MRI.
diffusion weighted imaging and ? better than T2 |
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what is a charcot bouchard aneurysm?
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caused by hypertension
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how can alzhemier's disease cause hemorrhagic stroke?
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amyloid angiopathy - plaques weaked blood vessels
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which is faster: epidural or subdural hematoma?
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epidural (arterial vs venous)
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epidural hematoma
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blood vessel on surface of meninges such as middle meningeal artery bleeds
ex. trauma to pterion |
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subdural hematoma
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veins cross arachnoid and dura to communicate w/ superior sagital sinus. if one of these ruptures, blood will drip into the space b/t the dura and the arachnoid
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subarachnoid hematoma
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bleed on surface of the brain in subarachnoid space
ex. Berry aneurysm extreme headache use spinal tap and look for blood yellow - old orange - fresh |
