Nrsg Of The Chronically Ill Unit 1

Front 1

Disease

Back 1

- A condition that is viewed from a pathophysiologic model, such as an alteration in structure and function.

- Problems from biomedical model; patho; doctor focus.

Front 2

Illness

Back 2

The human experience of symptoms and suffering, and refers to how the disease is perceived, lived with, and responded to by individuals and their families.

Front 3

Commission of Chronic Diseases (1957) Definition of chronic illness

Back 3

All impairments or deviations form normal which have hte following characteristics: permanency, residual disability, caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require rehabilitation and may require a long period of supervision, observation, or care.

Front 4

Lubkin's Definition of Chronic Illness

Back 4

The irreversible presence of accumulation or latency of disease states or impairments that involve the total human environment for supportive care and self-care, maintenance of function, and prevention of further disability.

Front 5

Chronicity

Back 5

Comprises all the vexing, weakening or troubling stressors of long duration associated with biological, cultural, economic, political or psychosocial imbalances which human systems possess and which influence all aspects of the system relationship with any other system. (Archbold and Perdue)

Front 6

Acute Disease/Illness

Back 6

- There is typically a sudden onset, with signs and symptoms related to the disease process itself.

- Ends in a short time (< 3mo), either with recovery and resumption of prior activities or with death.

Front 7

Chronic Illness

Back 7

- Continues indefinitely
- Often becomes the person's identity
- Takes many forms and there is no single onset pattern
- Can appear suddenly or through an insidious process, have episodic flare-ups or exacerbations, or remain in remission with an absence of sxs for long periods.
- Society labels/judges

Front 8

Pretrajectory Illness phase

Back 8

Before the illness course begins, the preventive phase, no signs or sxs present.

Front 9

Trajectory Illness phase

Back 9

Signs and sxs are present, includes diagnostic period.

Front 10

Crisis Illness Phase

Back 10

Life-threatening situation

Front 11

Comeback Illness phase

Back 11

Gradual return to an acceptable way of life within limits imposed by disability or illness.

Front 12

Acute Illness Phase

Back 12

Active illness or complications that require hospitalization for management.

Front 13

Stable Illness phase

Back 13

Illness course/symptoms controlled by regiment.

Front 14

Unstable Illness Phase

Back 14

Illness course/symptoms not controlled by regimen but not requiring hospitalization.

Front 15

Downward Illness Phase

Back 15

Progressive deterioration in physical/mental status characterized by increasing disability/symptoms.

Front 16

Dying Illness Phase

Back 16

Immediate weeks, days, hours preceding death.

Front 17

General Systems Theory
Suprasystem

Back 17

A major component of a system. It is made up of two or more interacting and interdependent components.

Front 18

General Systems Theory
Subsystem

Back 18

The entity that is composed of a number of component systems organized in interacting relationships in order to serve their embedding suprasystem.

Front 19

General Systems Theory
Open System

Back 19

A state and characteristics of the state in which a system continusously interacts with its environment.

Front 20

General Systems Theory
Closed System

Back 20

A state of being isolated from the environment. No system can be completely closed; there are only varying degrees of closure.

Front 21

General Systems Theory
Entropy

Back 21

A measure of energy that is expended in a physical system but does no useful work, and tends to decrease the organizational order of the system.

Front 22

General Systems Theory
Negentropy

Back 22

Is the utilization of energy. As a negentropy increases, the system's structural and functional integrity also increases, making the system stronger.

Front 23

General Systems Theory
Equioifinality

Back 23

The sameness of the end that may be reached from varying previous states or by varying routes.

Front 24

Orem's Theory

Back 24

Self Care; people have to be able to take care of universal requirements (air/water/food). Allow people to do for themselves what they can.

Front 25

Roy's Theory

Back 25

The promotion of adaptation in the four modes of physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence; thereby contributing to the person's health, quality of life, and dying with dignity.

Front 26

Kings Theory

Back 26

Emphasizes the importance of nurses and environmental factors. Objects, persons and events influence humans behaviors and social interactions. Focusing on these three systems helps to achieve goal attainment.

Front 27

Chronic Sorrow

Back 27

- Ongoing process for people or family members affected with chronic illness.
- Recurence of parental feelings when they are confronted or realize their child has a chronic illness.
- Sometimes predictable and sometimes not.
- Let the parents know they are not abnormal for having these feelings.

Front 28

Children with Special Health Care Needs

Back 28

Those who have or are at increased risk for a chronic physical, developmental, behavioral, or emotional condition requiring health and related services of a type or amount beyong what are required by healthy children.

Front 29

Family-Centered Care

Back 29

A philosophy that considers the family as the constant in the child's life. Is especially evident in the care of children with special needs. Parents become experts in caring for their special needs child.

Front 30

Normalization

Back 30

Behaviors and intentions of the disabled to integrate into society by living life as persons without a disability would.

Front 31

Shock and Denial Phase

Back 31

A defense mechanism is a necessary cushion to prevent disintegration and is a normal response of griving process. Can last from days to months to years. Denial allows the child to maintain hope in the face of overwhelming odds and to function adaptively and productively.

Front 32

Adjustment Phase

Back 32

Gradually follows shock and is usually characterized by an open admission that the condition exists. Usually accompanied by guilt and self-accusation. Also bitterness, anger and overprotection.

Front 33

Reintegration and acknowledgement Phase

Back 33

The adjustment process culminates in the development of realistic expectations for the child and reintegration of family life with the illness or disability in a manageable perspective. Total resolution is not possible until the child dies or leaves home as an independent adult.

Front 34

What are the five patterns of coping that children will utilize?

Back 34

1. Develops competence and optimism.
2. Feels different and withdrawls.
3. Is irritable, moddy, and acts out.
4. Complies with treatment.
5. Seeks support.