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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arm span that is greater than high
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Marfan syndrome
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GH
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Acromegaly
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What are the criteria for Failure to Thrive
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poor wt gain
physical |
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Lack of emotional attention in the failure to thrive is caused by what
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Lack of Growth hormone production
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Infants being breast fed may be deficient in what vitamin
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Vit D
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Cryptorchidism can lead to infertility if not corrected by what age
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age 5
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What condition is most commonly seen in new born males
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cryptorchidism
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What is herpangina
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Coxackie virus that is common in children
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Child that is hyperactive with unusual body odor and difficulties learning new tasks
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phenylketonuria (PKU)
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What condition is HLA-B27 linked and associated with antibiotic use
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juvenile RA
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What are the cardinal sx/sn of mono
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fever, pharyngitis, fatigue and lymphadnopathy
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How does pyloric stenosis
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Projectile vomiting
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What is volvulus
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twisting of the intestines and is shown on a double bubble on xray. Often vomit bile.
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What is intussesception
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telescoping of the intestines
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What is Meckel's diverticulum
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It is a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct and is the most frequent malformation of the gastrointestinal tract
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Branchial cleft
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add
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Dermoid cyst
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teratoma
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Most common cause of meningitis in children (> 6 mo)
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Enterophirus
Nieseria Haemophilus |
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Most common cause of meningitis in infants birth to 6 mo
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E Coli
Beta strep Listeria |
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What condition is CI in circumcision
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Hypospadia
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Why do children have myopia
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add
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What is Choanal atresia
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Narrowing of the nasal air way - can result in closure in the posterior nasal opening
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Phymosis puts a boy at increased risk for what
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renal problems (add)
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What do hemorrhoids suggest in a 6 y/o child
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a severe underlying dz - like portal htn
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Rectal prolapse is associated with young children frequently
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Cystic Fibrosis
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What is a Wilms' tumor
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common congenital tumor of the kidney, abd mass, usually 2-5 y/o, painless hematuria, good prognosis with tx
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What is pathpneumonic finding on xray of epiglititis
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thumb print finding
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What does the steeple sign suggest in an xray
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croup
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Most common cancer in children
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ALL
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What is a neuroblastoma
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Tumor of the adrenal medula or other sympathetic nervous tissue found in children under 5 y/o
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What is a retinoblastoma
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A congenital malignant tumor of the neural layers of the retina; children < 4 y/o
Whit pupils, strabismuth, uvititis, elevated white retinal masses Inc risk of 2nd malignancy, 90% survival if before mets |
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What type of infection is most common in encephalitis in children
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Viral - HSV has very poor prognosis
Fever, malaise alone, altered consciousness.. |
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What are the main bacterial infections that can cause encephalitis
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TB and syphilis
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What is erythema infectious and what causes it
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5th dz or slapped cheek erythema.
Caused by human parvovirus B19 |
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What are sx of 5th dz
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mild fever, fatigue and pharyngitis followed by lacy symmetric maculopapular confluent rash that is not on the soles or the palms
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Painful ulcer/vesicles d/t Coxascki or enteroviruses - on tongue, soles and palms
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Hand-Foot-Moth Dz
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What are the sequelae for Hand-Foot-Mouth
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Paralysis, meningitis, encephatlits
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How is herpangina different from Hand Foot Mouth dz
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Herpangina is similar lesions to Hand Foot Mouth but it is only in the throat and not in the ant mouth or hands or feet
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What are the sequele for mumps
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MOPE
Meningitis Orchitis Pancreatitis Encephalitis |
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What vaccine is attributed to reducing otitis media in pediatric populations
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PCV (Pneumococcal)
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What is pertussis commonly known as
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Whooping cough
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What are the 3 stages of pertusssis
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Catarrhal - preparoxysmal
Contagious period Paroxysmal - cough |
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What age has the greatest mortality in pertusssis cases
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Children < 1 y/o
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When does rheumatic fever occur
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post strep infection
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What is the Jone's criteria and what are the major criteria
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Jones criteria used to dx rheumatic fever (2 major or 1 major + 2 minor)
Major = Chorea (Syndeham's), Arthritis, Nodules, Carditis, Erthyem marginatum) (Chance) |
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What test is used to dx strep A
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ASO test
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What is Rubeola & what are the 4
Cs of this childhood dz |
Measles
Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis, Cutaneous spots Koplik's spot = pathognomonic |
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What are the German Measles
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Rubella
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What is the concern with Rubella
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Durring Pregnancy can be teratagenic
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What are the rashes of Rubella and Rubeola like
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maculopapular rashes that begin on the face and then fade and move to the trunk then the extremities. Usually more ill in Rubeola
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Describe Roseola (HHV-6)
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Have a fever (3 d) then get a rash that starts on trunk then moves to face.
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What infection does strawberry tongue suggest
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Scarlet Fever
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What type of rash is seen with Scarlet fever
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Pinkish or reddish rash with sandpaper texture
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List three types of nonmilitary decorations.
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a. Presidential Medal of Freedom
b. Gold and Silver Life Saving Medals c. National Sciences Medal |
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How does bronchiectasis occur in children
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1. Congenital - present at birth
2. Cystic fibrossi |
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What is the main cause of bronchiolitis in children
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RSV
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How does bronchiolitis present and how do you manage
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coughinig, wheezing, tachypnea, shallow breathing, nasal flaring - refer to ER
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What childhood illness is characterized by barking cough, inspiratory stridor and dyspnea
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Croup
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How long does croup usually last
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< 5 days
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In a child with dyspnea how can you differentiate btw croup and epiglottitis
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Steam shower - Croup will get better epiglottitis will not
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What is the main cause of epiglottitis
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H. Influenza B - greatly reduced d/t HIB vaccine
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What condition do you worry about in children with nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis
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Cystic Fibrosis
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What is merconium ilium a first sign of
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Cystic Fibrosis
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When is peak onset of asthma
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Age 5
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What is the machinery murmur indicative of
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Patent Ductus Arteriosus
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What is the most common heart defect
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ventricular septal defect
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What diamond shape murmur heard durring systole in a child that can lead to CHF
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Atrial septal defect
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What is suggested in an increased BP in upper extremities than in lower extremities
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Coarctation of aorta - can be caused by Turner's syndrome or maternal rubella
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What is present in Tetralogy of Fallot
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VSD, R ventricular outlfow obstruction, overriding aorta R ventricular hypertrophy -
dyspnea and cyanosis |
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how doe evaluate Tetralogy of Fallot
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Chest plain films
Echo |
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When are VSD most common
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Teratogen exposure
Males Down's syndrome |
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What are the sequelae or anal stenosis
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rectal prolapse, rectoscele, enterocele
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What age is anal stenosis most common in
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< 2-3 month
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What is encopresis
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Fecal incontinence child older than 4 yrs ( can have hx of constipation, hypothyroisim)
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What does a double bubble sign in plain film of the abdomen indicate
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Vulvulous
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What do current jelly stools, severe colic, abd pain, RUQ mass indicate
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intussusception
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What is a congenital constriction of the pylorus that leads to projectile vomiting, constipation, failure to thrive and ravenous appetite
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Pyloric stenosis
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What is seen on xray of a child with pyloric stenosis
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string sign
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What are normal vital signs of an infant (0-1 y/o)
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BP 80/40
HR 120 bpm Resp 40 bpm |
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What are normal vital signs of a child 1-5 y/o
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BP - 100/60
HR - 100 bpm Resp - 30 bpm |
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What are normal vital signs of a child 5-10 y/o
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BP - 120/80
HR - 80 bpm Resp - 20 bpm |
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What are the cyanotic heart dz conditions
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1-2-3-4-5 Ts:
Truncus Arteriosus (1 vessel) Transposition of the (two) great vessels Tricuspird Atresia. Tetralogy of Fallot Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (has 5 words) |
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What virus causes roseola
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HSV-6
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What virus causes hand foot and mouth dz
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Coxsackie virus A16
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What virus causes erythema infectiosum
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Parvovirus B19
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What virus causes measles and mumps
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Paramyxovirus
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