Nplex 2 Neurology Questions

Front 1

what imaging study is often used in the dx of dementia?

Back 1

SPECT

Front 2

tertiary neurosyphilis causes what neurological sx?

Back 2

tabes dorsalis:destruction of dorsal roots, impaired sensation and ataxia, absent DTRs

Front 3

what percentage of people die of encephalitis?

Back 3

35%, sx of worsening HAs with systemic signs and sx

Front 4

Most common primary brain tumor in adults?

Back 4

glioblastoma multiforme(grade 4=astrocytoma)

Front 5

Sx of brain tumor?

Back 5

personality changes, HAs, drowsiness, lethargy, psychosis, vomiting, papilledema

Front 6

4 peripheral nerve tumors?

Back 6

neurofibromatosis=autosomal dominant with mutations
Shwannoma/acoustic neuroma= CN8, benign <1% malignant

Front 7

sx of optic neuritis, glove and stocking parasthesias, higher risk in the northern latitudes, autoimmune demylenation in the CNS?

Back 7

Multiple Sclerosis

Front 8

2/3 preceded by flu, ascending paralysis, DTR's absent, sensation intact, acute onset (polyradiculopathy), PNS

Back 8

Guillian-Barre syndrome

Front 9

alcoholic with short term memory loss and confabulations

Back 9

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome (B1 deficiency)

Front 10

dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea leading to death; what nutritional deficiency?

Back 10

niacin deficiency

Front 11

macrocytic anemia, degeneration of the spinal cord:spasticity, weakness, loss of proprioception,dementia; not cured with folate deficiency

Back 11

B12 deficiency

Front 12

New HAs in pt over 50 should be evaluated b/c of what dx?

Back 12

ischemic cerebrovascular dz; 25% of pt with carotid or middle cerebral vascular dz or 50% of pt with vertebrobasilar insufficiency

Front 13

Hydrocephalus is an increase in what fluid? and what ventricles swell?

Back 13

CSF, lateral 3rd and 4th

Front 14

atrophy of hypothenar eminence and interosseous mm. of hand; also parasthesias of 1/2 of ring finger and 5th finger on palm surface

Back 14

Ulnar palsy

Front 15

problems with the brachial plexus; radiculopathy,numbness and tingling of the arm d/t compression by cervical rib, lymphoma, vascular malformation

Back 15

thoracic outlet syndrome

Front 16

viral infx of 7th nerve leading to unilateral facial paralysis, no sensory loss,

Back 16

bells palsy

Front 17

dry mouth, diplopia, ptosis, loss of accomadation and pupillary reflex--GI sx precede, descending paralysis

Back 17

Botulism

Front 18

severe, unilateral HA with nasal congestion, less than 4 hrs long q weekly

Back 18

cluster HA; more common in men no fam HX

Front 19

nausea and vomiting; photophobia with HA; hibernates; females more common

Back 19

migraine; fam hx

Front 20

dull HA; steady; daily and worse with stress

Back 20

tension HA

Front 21

HA after 50 yrs of age

Back 21

temporal arteritis; vertebral/carotid insufficiency

Front 22

difference b/t classic and common migraine

Back 22

prodrome with classic

Front 23

tx for migraines? and works how?

Back 23

triptans; sumatriptan; causes vasoconstriction by binding (5HT1)
Ergonavine-vasoconstriction, can cause hypertension/seizures

Front 24

HA can occur 6-8x/day; alcohol can trigger;unilateral and periorbital; more in men; no n/v

Back 24

cluster HA

Front 25

shooting pain from 5th trigeminal nerve;can be triggered by touch, drafts, brushing teeth

Back 25

trigeminal neuralgia

Front 26

malaise; proximal mm. pain; jaw claudication; tender scalp arteries

Back 26

giant cell arteritis; 50% can progress to blindless; ESR >100

Front 27

MRI shows plaques and periventricular white matter; demyelination of brain and spinal cord

Back 27

MS

Front 28

dx of muscular dystrophy?

Back 28

mm. biopsy is definative; CK greater than 2000 in duchenes

Front 29

progressive non-inflammatory mm. fiber degeneration

Back 29

muscular dystrophy

Front 30

stiffness, inability to release grasp, thick speech, mm. atrophy in face and neck, onset 20, slowly progressive (cataract, testicular atrophy, intelectual changes)

Back 30

myotonic dystrophy; autosomal dominant

Front 31

motor manifestations of non-progressive brain damage during prenatal/postpartum period;spasticity (70%); quadrapalegic (low IQ, dysarthria, poor feeding); hemiplegic or diplegic (bilat spasticity, clumsy norm IQ)

Back 31

cerebral palsy

Front 32

progressive degeneration of corticospinal tract and/or ant. horn cells; dz of later or mid life; decrease DTRs; fasiculations of mm. weakness of arms/legs;bulbar involvement: dysarthria, dysphagia, tongue atrophy

Back 32

ALS; 50% die in 3 yrs, 90% in 6 yrs

Front 33

autoimmune d.o. affecting acetylcholine receptors; women in 20s and men in 40-50s; weakness on exertion; weakness of ocular, proximal, pharyngeal and respiratory mm.

Back 33

myasthenia gravis

Front 34

test for myasthenia gravis?

Back 34

tensilon test; better when an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Front 35

most common movement d.o.; tremor not present at rest

Back 35

benign essential tremor

Front 36

slow movement; muscular rigidity; resting tremor; postural instability; shuffling instability; pill rolling; masked facies?

Back 36

Parkinson's dz

Front 37

movement d.o. manifesting in the 3rd or 4th decade; fidgetign or restlessness progressing to writhing movements; dementia follows

Back 37

Huntington's dz; child has 50% chance of inheriting

Front 38

most common cause of dementia; clinical exam shows greater than 2 deficits; progressive worsening

Back 38

alzheimer's dz

Front 39

alzheimers dz dx

Back 39

SPECT

Front 40

depression; simple delusions; behavioral change; wandering; screaming

Back 40

alzheimer's dz