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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is innate or nonspecific immunity
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general, static defense system used against all microorganisms
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what are the physcial barriers of innate immunity
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skin: waterproof, impenetrable barrier against most bacteria
mucous membrane: moist thick substance that traps microbe and either kills or transport ciliary escalator: small extensions of the epithelia that beats the microbes out of the area |
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what are some chemical factors of the innate immunity
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Sebum (oil): inhibits microbial growth, low pH, lysozymes, and lipids
Stomach acid: low pH (1-2) High pH: saliva, urine, genital fluids, digestive enzymes Blood: lysozyme, complement, interferons, C-reactive proteins |
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what is the concept behind normal flora
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nonpathogenic microbes
relatively harmless Use all available attachment sites to block the HARMFUL ones |
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what is phagocytosis
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two major class of phagocytes:
PMNs and Macrophages second line of defense. Phagocytes are cells which ingest microbes |
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what is Nonspecific Phagocytosis and Specific Phagocytosis
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Nonspecific: second line of defense and occurs initially in most infections
Specific: third line of defense occur late after Ab are produced against microbes |
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what is:
Rubor Calor Dolor Tumor |
Rubor: redness
Calor: heat Dolor: pain Tumor: swelling |
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functions of inflammation...
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1. remove injurious agent or limit the spread by walling it off
2. repair the tissue and clean up damage |
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processes of inflammation...
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vasodilation
histamine kinins phagocyte migration repair |
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what is vasodilation
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increase in vascular permeability
causing the area to flood with plasma, PMNs (normal harder to get into the interstitial space) and macrophages (easier). swelling is caused by vasodilation...edema |
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histamine...
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released by mast cells, increase vascular permeability
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kinins...
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increases vascular permeability and summons PMNs
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Phagocyte migration...
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Margination: sticking cells along the blood vessels walls
Diapedesis: Movement of the cells through the vascular wall |
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myeloid stem cells can develop into...
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megakaryocytes and produce platelets
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what is EPO
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erythropoietin, influence RBC production
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what is IL-5 and IL-3
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interleukin 5: promotes differentiation of eosinophils
interleukin 3: promotes development of basophils |
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GM-CSF
G-CSF M-CSF |
GM-CSF: promotes development of granulocytes and monocytes
G-CSF: Neutrophils M-CSF: Monocytes |
