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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Subject of a Verb
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The subject of a verb (nominative)
Ex: Caesar erat foris. Caesar was fortunate. |
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predicate noun
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the noun after "is"
Caesar erat dux. Caesar was the leader |
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Vocative
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Direct address
Mi fili, noli esse avarus. My sons, be willing to be greedy. |
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Genitive
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Let's go
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Possesive
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Showing possesion:
The book of mine, friend of mine Ex: Femina pecuniam viri cepit. The girl received the money of the man. |
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Quality Description
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genitive that attributes a quality to the object it modifies
Man of contraditions Ex: Erat vir magnae sapientiae He was a man of great wisdom. |
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Partitive
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It is the whole. It shows the part.
part of the people. People is in genitive Ex: Vidi multa milia viroum. I saw many thousand of men. |
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Objective
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If the noun that the genitive modifies is an action
Ex: Amor currendi pedibus nocuit. Love of running kills the feet. running is the objective genitive because love is an action expressed as a noun. |
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With adjectives
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Modifies an adjective
This sentence is devoid of meaning. Meaning is in genitive Ex: Poeta avidus famae est. The poet is greedy of (for) fame. in for of |
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With verbs of remembering
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Verbs of remembering take the genitive
Ex: Humanae infirmitates memini I rememberd the weakness of human |
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Charge
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Verbs of accusation takes the genitive.
Diu? Ex: Perfidiae accusatus est He is accused of being perfidious. |
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With verbs of feeling
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If the verb conveys a feeling, then the feeling itself must be in genitive
Ex: taedet laboris. He was tired of labor. |
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Value
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How much implies the valued object in genitive.
Ex: Quanti domum emisti? For how much did you buy the house? House is in genitive. |
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Dative
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Sup Dave
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Indirect object
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Give something to somebody
Usually a person Ex: Dedit pecuniam pueero. He gave money to the boy. Boy is in dative |
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with special verbs
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Some verbs take the dative
Often they are compound verbs Ex: Caesar hostibus pepercit. Caesar spared the enemies. spare in latin takes the dative |
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with compound verbs
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Same thing
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Possession
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Dative showing possesion. Can be translated as "I have, he has, you have..."
Ex: Est mihi liber. there is a book to me. (I have a book) |
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Agent
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Ex: Caesar viro necandus est.
Caesar would be killed by those men ? viro is in dative of agent |
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Reference / Interest
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In my opinion
Cicero erat sapiens multis. Cicero was wise (considered) in many people's opinion. by many people is in dativ |
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Purpose
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Ex: Equites peditibus auxilio sunt.
The horses are for the purpose of helping the feet. Helping is in dative |
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With adjectives
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Some adjectives meaning "something to" in english will take the dative in latin
Ex: Puella cara sorori est. The girl is dear to my sister. sister is in dative |
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Accusative
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Oh yeah, let's go
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Direct object
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Target of the main verb
Ex: dedit pecuniam ei. He gives the money to him. pecuniam is in the direct object. |
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Adverbial
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An accusative found in adverbial phrases
such as: id temporis at that time id is in accusative as part of the phrase Hard to make sure, though |
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Extent of time
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If the accusative word is related to time, then it is in this category.
Describes an action taking place throughout the time specified Ex: Multos annos rexit. He ruled for many years. Many years are in accusatives of extent of time |
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Place to which
(Accusative of motion towards) |
If the accusative means a place, and there is no preposition, then yes.
Describes the end of motion. Ex: Romam venit. He came to Rome. Romam is the accusative of place to which |
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subject of indirect statement
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Accusative is used as the subject of an indirect statement.
Dixi me ad urbem venire. I said I went to the city. |
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Object of preposition
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If the accusative follows a preposition, then yes
Ex: Ad urbem veniam. I went to the city. urbem is the object of prepostion. |
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Ablative
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Hurray!
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Separation
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If the verb means something like a separation, and it takes an ablative.
Sapientia carent. They are absent from wisdom. Sapientia is the ablative of separation |
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Cause
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An ablative that can be translated using "because of"
Hostes metu fugerunt. The enemies flet by fear. (The enemeies flet because of fear.) metu is the ablative of cause |
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Agent
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If the ablative is a person, then yes.
Ex: Caesar ab illo necatus est. Caesar has been killed by that man. illo is the ablative of agent. |
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Means
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If the ablative means an object.
Ille Caesarem ferro necavit. That man killed Caesar with a sword. ferro is the ablative of means |
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With special verbs
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Some verbs take the ablative
ex: Utitur sapientia. He uses wisdom. Utitur takes an ablative as its direct object |
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Manner
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If the ablative is an abstract noun, and it is after cum
Vitam cum virtute agebat. He lives life with virtue. |
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Accompaniment
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If the ablative follows cum, and it is a person
Veniam cum amicis. Let me come with my friends. |
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Degree of difference
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If it is after a comparative adjective.
sapientior multo soror est. My sister is wiser than many people. multo is the ablative of degree of difference |
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Quality / Description
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If the ablative sounds like a genitive of description.
Erat vir moribus bonis He was a man of good manner. moribus bonis is the ablative of description |
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Specification / Respect
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Limits the meaning of an adjective (or a verb) by modifying it with an ablative.
Can be translated as "adj in noun" Virtuae praecedunt. They excel in virtue. Virtuae is the ablative of respect, specification |
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With adjectives
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Dignus takes the ablative
Poeta dignus fama est. The poet is worthy of fame. fama is the ablative adjective |
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Absolute
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"With the .... having been" clause
Copiis acceptis Graceiam vicit. With troops having been accepted he conquered Greece (??) Copiis acceptis is the ablative absolute |
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Time
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If you see "Eo Tempore"
Eo tempore Caesar bellum gerebat. At that time Caesar carried out the war. |
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Place from which
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The beginning of motion. Usually with prepositions meaning "from"
Ex urbe venit. He came out of the city. urbe is the ablative of place from which |
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Place where
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If you see an ablative follows "in"
Remanet in urbe. He remains in Rome. urbe is the ablative of place where |
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Object of preposition
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Definition unclear
sine mora venerunt. They came without delay. without delay is the object of preposition. |
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With cardinal nubers
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Looks like the initiator of genitive PARTITIVE ABLATIVE
Tres ex amicis venient Three of my friends will come. amicis is the ablative eith cardinal numbers |
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Place where (Locative)
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An ablative of place where without a preposition
Vivit Romae He ives in Rome. |
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quodam quidam quaedam quadam
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what are they?
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