Nose, Nasal Cavity, And Palate

Front 1

what bones contribute to the bony piriform aperture?

Back 1

maxilla and nasal bones

Front 2

what is the initial opening to the nasal cavity called?

Back 2

vestibule

Front 3

what is the vestibule lined with? what about the rest of the nasal cavity?

Back 3

vestibule lined with skin and hair, rest of cavity lined with mucosa

Front 4

bone and cartilage separate the two nasal cavities; what makes up the bony part?

Back 4

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, and the vomer.

Front 5

which conchae are part of the ethmoid bone?

Back 5

superior and middle conchae. inferior are separate bones.

Front 6

what are the meatuses in the nasal cavity?

Back 6

passageways between the conchae

Front 7

what is the sphenoethmoidal recess? what opens there?

Back 7

superior to the superior nasal concha. The sphenoid sinus opens there.

Front 8

where is the ethmoid bulla?

Back 8

in the middle meatus

Front 9

where is the semilunar hiatus? what empties into it?

Back 9

middle meatus. the frontal sinus empties into it.

Front 10

what is the semilunar hiatus the ostium of?

Back 10

maxillary sinus

Front 11

what is found in the inferior meatus?

Back 11

opening of nasolacrimal duct

Front 12

what does the frontal sinus open into?

Back 12

semilunar hiatus

Front 13

what do the ethmoid sinuses open into?

Back 13

the superior and middle meatuses

Front 14

what is the sphenoid sinus located directly inferior to?

Back 14

the sella turcica and pituitary gland

Front 15

how can inflammation of the maxillary sinus mucosa be perceived as dental pain?

Back 15

the infraorbital nerve (V2), which supplies the teeth, runs across the roof of the sinus. the roots of the molars often project into the sinus so maxillary sinusitis can be perceived as dental pain

Front 16

where is the ostium of the maxillary sinus?

Back 16

high on the medial wall of the sinus

Front 17

where does the olfactory nerve (CN I) synapse?

Back 17

olfactory bulb

Front 18

what nerves provide the anterior nasal sensation? what are they branches of?

Back 18

branches of the anterior ethmoidal nerve (V1)

Front 19

what nerve supplies posterior nasal sensation?

Back 19

branches of the sphenopalatine nerve

Front 20

what two main arteries supply the nasal cavity? what do they branch from? what other artery contributes some small branches?

Back 20

sphenopalatine artery (from the maxillary), and the ethmoidal arteries (from the ophthalmic artery). facial artery also contributes some branches to the vestibule

Front 21

what is epistaxis?

Back 21

nose bleed

Front 22

what is the soft palate made of?

Back 22

muscle and aponeurosis

Front 23

what two bones contribute to the hard palate?

Back 23

palatine processes of the maxillae, and horizontal plates of the palatine bones

Front 24

where is the incisive fossa?

Back 24

just posterior to the incisors (teeth)

Front 25

what are the palatine ruggae?

Back 25

anterior transverse folds behind the front teeth

Front 26

what is the palatine raphe?

Back 26

central longitudinal ridge

Front 27

where is the incisive papilla?

Back 27

over the incisive fossa

Front 28

function of the soft palate?

Back 28

close off nasopharynx from the oral cavity/oropharynx

Front 29

what is on the posterior edge of the soft palate?

Back 29

uvula

Front 30

what does the tensor veli palatini do? what are the two useful functions?

Back 30

tenses the soft palate.
1. helps close nasopharynx when swallowing.
2. opens auditory tube when you yawn or swallow

Front 31

what is the tensor veli palatini innvervated by?

Back 31

V3 (it is a 1st arch muscle)

Front 32

what does the levator veli palatini do? what is it useful for?

Back 32

SAME stuff as the tensor veli palatini

Front 33

what is the levator veli palatini innervated by?

Back 33

CN X

Front 34

what forms the palatoglossal arch?

Back 34

palatoglossus covered with mucosa

Front 35

what does the palatoglossus do?

Back 35

depresses the soft palate and narrows the pharyngeal inlet

Front 36

what forms the palatopharyngeal arch?

Back 36

palatopharyngeus muscle covered by mucosa

Front 37

what does the palatopharygeus do?

Back 37

SAME stuff as the palatoglossus

Front 38

what marks the division between the oral cavity and the oropharynx?

Back 38

palatoglossal arch

Front 39

between what two structures is the palatine tonsil?

Back 39

palatoglossal arch (aka anterior pillar) and the palatolaryngeal arch (aka posterior pillar)

Front 40

which muscles of the soft palate does the vagus nerve innervate?

Back 40

all except the tensor veli palatini

Front 41

what is the torus tubarius?

Back 41

cartilaginous portion of auditory tube at the ostium

Front 42

what are the somatic sensory nerves of the palate branches of?

Back 42

V2

Front 43

what are the taste buds innervated by?

Back 43

VII

Front 44

what arteries supply the palate? what are they branches of?

Back 44

greater and lesser palatine arteries: branches of maxillary artery

Front 45

where does the greater palatine artery send a communicating branch?

Back 45

through the incisive fossa to anastamose with the sphenopalatine artery

Front 46

why is the pterygopalatine fossa significant?

Back 46

it is a space that connects to the nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, orbit, infratemporal fossa, and middle cranial fossa.

Front 47

what four bolded things does the pterygopalatine fossa contain?

Back 47

branches of maxillary artery, branches of V2, pterygopalatine ganglion, and nerve of the pterygoid canal.

Front 48

how many V2 branches are there in the pterygopalatine fossa?

Back 48

six

Front 49

what are the six V2 branches in the pterygopalatine fossa and where do they go?

Back 49

1. zygomatic to orbit, face.
2. infraorbital to face, anterior teeth.
3. posterior superior alveolar to maxillary molars.
4. sphenopalatine to nasal cavity and anterior palate.
5. Palatine to the hard and soft palate.
6. pharyngeal nerve to the pharynx

Front 50

other name for nerve of the pterygoid canal? what is it formed by?

Back 50

Vidian's nerve. formed by union of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers.

Front 51

what are the sympathetic and parasympethatic nerves contributing to Vidian's nerve?

Back 51

1. Post-ganglionic sympathetic (from carotid plexus) deep petrosal nerve.
2. Parasympathetic pre-ganglionic greater petrosal nerve (from VII)

Front 52

where does the greater petrosal nerve synapse in the pterygopalatine fossa? where do the fibers go after that?

Back 52

pterygopalatine ganglion. The post-ganglionic fibers hitch-hike with branches of V2.

Front 53

where do the parasympathetic fibers go after synapsing at the pterygopalatine ganglion?

Back 53

some follow zygomatic branch (V2) to lacrimal branch (V1) to lacrimal gland.

some follow four other branches of V2 to mucous glands in mucosa of oral cavity, nasal cavity, palate, and pharynx

Front 54

through what does the maxillary artery enter the pterygopalatine fossa?

Back 54

the pterygomaxillary fissure

Front 55

what do maxillary artery branches follow?

Back 55

branches of V2