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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At birth, which is more adult-like: the fovea or parafovea?
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parafovea
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T or F: neonates are indeed able to fixate on an object at birth, preferrably a face.
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True
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At what month can babies first say "ooh and ahh". This milestone also marks __________.
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3 months
True bifoveal fixation. This allows them to fixate on a toy or light |
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When are pupils responses to light first present? what about consensual reflex?
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at birth, also at birth
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Describe the responses to light at birth.
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higher in latency
smaller amplitude sluggish |
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do neonates (0-2) months of age have smaller or larger pupils than a two year old?
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smaller. the resting diameter of the pupil will increase during the first 2-12 months of life
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Are saccadic eye movements present at birth?
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yes, but not adult-like
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Regarding saccades: At age ______, the initial movement is about 50% of the way to the final target.
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1-2 months
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Which saccadic direction develops first? middle? last?
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1st- horizontal (present at birth)
2nd- vertical upgaze (4-6 weeks) 3rd- vertical downgaze (3 months). |
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Why do you think infants develop vertical upgaze saccades before downgaze?
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B/c while in their crib--they want to look up at the parent.
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At what age do infants first smile? What does this milestone mark?
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2 months, 50% saccades
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The ability to change fixation onto a target in the periphery with 1 saccadic movement is evident by age _____.
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1 year old
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At age _____, babies can say, mommy and daddy and can stand and can make a full saccade.
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1 year old
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Reliable smooth pursuits are seen at what age?
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2 months
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Which photoreceptor activity is present at birth?
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Cone (green and red wavelengths at 2 weeks)
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When is short wavelength activity present? (blue)
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5 weeks
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How wide is an infants VF?
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about 30 degrees
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When do visual fields become adult-like?
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about 6 months
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At what age can an infant act like a dog? sit, roll over, and reach? This milestone also marks what?
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6 months
adult-like VF |
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Is it possible for infants to have reliable convergence at birth? if so, how?
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yes, if the target is stimulating and greater than 10 inches from the eyes
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At age _______. infants can accuratly converge and diverge.
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3 months
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At what age does an infant have convergence and fusional vergence?
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4-6 months
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at birth, what is the capacity for the amp of acc?
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18.5 D
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At age _____, accommodation is adult-like. What also occurs at this age?
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3 months, convergence and divergence
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Is stereo present at birth?
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NO!!!!!!
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When and how does stereo appear in an infant?
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at 3.5 months of age
it appears with a BOOM!! (over night) |
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At what age can you say an infant has some stereo? When can you say an infant has good stereo?
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3 months
6 months |
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Name 2 visual milestones that occur around the time the infant begins to act like a dog.
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1- adult-like VF
2- good stereo |
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Describe 5 visual milestones that are present at age 2-3 months.
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1- adult-like fixation
2- 50% saccades 3- reliable, smooth pursuits 4- rudimentary color vision 5- accurate accommodation |
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Name 3 visual milestones that occur at 6 months.
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1- adult-like VF
2- Fusional vergence 3- Good stereo |
