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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define NIC |
Newly Industrialised Country are countries wgo have recently seen rapid economic growth due to stable government and economic reforms. Their economies have not "first world" status but have out paced other developing countries in terms of economic growth. |
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Asian tigers |
South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore Export driven Went through rapid industrialisation in the 1960-90s Have developed and advanced into advanced high income economies, specialied in specific technological areas. |
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___ and ___ are based on the Asian Tiger model |
Tiger cub economies BRICs MINTs |
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Tiger cubs |
Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines |
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BRICs |
Brazil, Russia, India, China |
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Common characteristics of asian tigers |
-cheap labour during 1960s -Strong Chinese influence and heritage of hard workers -focus on development of exports -singled out education as way of development. All children atend primary + secondary school. Development of world class unis -agriculture was protecred by subsidies and tariffs -job security + benefits encouraged, trade unions discouraged -domestic consumption was discouraged to increase national savings |
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Common factors that aid industrialisation |
-Large population that provide big internal market and is a resource that attracts investment -openness to globalisation -recent switch from agriculture to industrial -large TNCs based there -Strong political leadership and elements of state planning -strong education system - comparatively low labour costs |
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NICs provide cheap labour for example labour in the ___ industry in___ is ___ of the _____ equivalent |
Car China 0.1 Japanese |
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Negative impacts of tiger model |
-Economies expanded too fast, became inflatedm markets crashed in 1990s, social unrest and political instability -countries "out grow" the model so they no longer provide favourable conditions in comparison to cheaper and more competitive countries like india and china -focus on exports rather than demands at home, reliant on economic health of target countries -economic growth at expense of environmental and social health |
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South korea's gdp is now ___ |
$26k |
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in Malaysia ___ of the work force are ___ but on average recieve ___ less than their male counterpart |
75% Female 75% |
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South korea depressed ___ price between ___ in order to keep ___ wages low and force a shift towards ___ based employment |
Rice 1960-1970s Agricultural Industry |
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In ____ singapore's gross domestic saving were ___ of their gdp |
1993 47% |
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Why have asian NICs been successful |
-amassing of capital (Singapore) -Appropriate industries (lacked natural resources so rely on human resources) -foreign capital (TNCs) -government intervention (South Korea rice prices) -increasing value of products (Samsung, South Korea, semi conductors to one of the biggest producers of smart phones and other high tech luxury items) |
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NICs use ___ from ____ and export of __ ____ products to develop increasingly ____ and ____ products |
Profits Manufacture Low quality Sophisticated Valuable |
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East asia has the highest rate of ____. __% of vegetated land is degraded compared to global average of __% |
Deforestation 20% 17% |
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Westernisation |
Loss of culture due to influence of the Western world |
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China is the new __ __ __ ___. It produces __% of the worlds computers and ___% of its bicycles. |
Workshop of the world 50% 60% |
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In 2014 china's FDI was ___. This is due to the massive numbers of TNCs, for example there are____ Japanese companies operating in china |
$124 billion 23,000 |
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China's economic reforms began on the coast where ____% of international trade passes through. They now have ___ special ____ ___ in coastal regions which attracts TNCs. Labour costs are relatively low throughout china but coastal areas often have better ___ and have ____ infrastructure compared to ___ and ___. China |
90% 5 Economic zones Education Superior middle West |
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Issues in China -Due to demand prices for oilcoal and steel are rising as fast as __% per year. -__ out of china's 31 regions face electrical shortages caused by ___ or ___ -China was a net exporter of oil but is now a major ___ -Air pollution is ___ that of western average |
10% 21 Lack of fuel or poor government planning Importer 10x |
