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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How would blood-feeding flies lifestyle be described? |
- short lived - holometabolous |
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What is the difference between mechanical and biological vector transmission? |
parasites do not develop in mechanical vectors, but they do in biological |
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What 4 characteristics must blood feeding flies have? |
- mouthparts - deal with coagulation - numbing agent - feed wuickly |
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What type of transmission do tabanids, mosquitos and tsetse flies carry out? |
- tabanids: mechanical - mosquitos: biological - tsetse flies: biological |
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What are the mandibles? |
strong jaws |
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What are the maxillae? |
accessory jaws |
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What is the labrum? |
upper lip |
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What is the labium? |
lower lip |
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What is the epipharynx? |
tongue-like lobe from roof of mouth |
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What is the hypopharynx? |
tongue-like lobe from floor of mouth |
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How do tabanids feed? |
slash skin, then palms stay wet with blood |
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How do tsetse flies feed? |
forward proboscis pierces + sucks up blood with pharyngeal pump, anticoagulant + bacteria |
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What family are tsetse flies in? |
Glossinidae |
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What family are keds in? |
Hippoboscids |
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What adaptations do keds have for ectoparasitism? |
- DV flattened - reduced wings, eyes + antennae - piercing mouthparts - long claws |
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How do Hippobosca equina live? |
- on horses/cows - lay larva/prepua in humus |
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How do Lipoptena cervi live? |
- on deers - females lose wings on host - form pupa which drops to ground |
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How do Melophagus ovinus live? |
- sheep - larva laid + grow in fleece |
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What subclass are ticks and mites in? |
Acari |
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What order are ticks in? |
Ixodida |
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What are the 4 stages of tick development? |
- egg - 6 legged larva - 8 legged nymph - adult |
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What two ways ensure the tick's hypostome stays in? |
- curved hooks - chelicerae releases cement |
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Why phylum + class are ectoparasitic insects in? |
- phylum: Arthropoda - class: Insecta |
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What differentiates insects from arachnids? |
- 3 pairs of legs - 3 segments to body - antennae |
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What family are lice in? |
Echinophtiridae |
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What are the 2 types of lice, and their orders? |
- sucking, Siphunculata - chewing, Mallophaga |
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What sorts of organisms do sucking lice live on? |
seals, adaptations to survive when host dives |
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What sorts of organisms do chewing lice live on? |
birds |
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Why has cospeciation occurred between lice and pocket gophers? |
cling onto hairs of specific width, so transfer between mother and offspring |
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What do lice use to hold onto hairs? |
rostral groove |
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What sort of animals do fleas prey on? |
ones with lairs/nests |
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What are ctenidium used for? |
attaching to hairs/feathers |
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What surrounds fleas? |
leathery tegument |
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What are the 3 classes of platyhelminths? |
- Trematoda (flatworm) - Monogenea (flatworm) - Cestoda (tape worm) |
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What are trematodes suckers for? |
- ventral: attachment - anterior: feeding |
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What do monogeneans use to attach to host? |
opisthaptors |
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What are the body segments of cestodes called? |
strobili |
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How do cestodes attach? |
scolex |
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How do cestodes feed? |
through tegument |
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What phylum are hookworms in? |
nematoda |
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What do nematodes use to attach? |
buccal capsule (can be sclerotised or have teeth) |
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What are acanthocephalans also known as? |
thorny headed worms |
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What do acanthocephalans use to attach to the gut wall of the host? |
spiny proboscis |
