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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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There are 2 main types of niacin, what are they?
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Nicotinic acid, niacin aimed
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What is the precursor of niacin?
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Tryptophan
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What are the other elements required for tryptophan conversion?
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B6,b2, Cu -> precursor -> B6,Fe,Mg
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Where is tryptophan converted to. Niacin?
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In the liver
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What are someof the factors for NAD & NADP conversion?
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Amount of tryptophan & niacin absorbed.
Protein/energy intake Pyridoxine status - B6 Riboflavin status - B2 |
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What is the active form of niacin?
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NAD
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What niacin form is found in:-
Plants Animals |
Nicotinic acid
Nicotinamide and free nicotinamide |
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Where are NAD & NADP hydrolysed to release nicotinamideWhere?
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Small intestine
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Whichplant foods are hard to digest nicotinic acid from?
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Plant origin foods, Especially grains corn and wher
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How do traditional cultures release the nicotinic acids from grains?
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By soaking in lime water (calcium oxide)
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What factors affect the absorption of niacin?
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Chronic diarrhea
Inflammatory bowel disease Some cancers |
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How are nicotinic acid and nicotinamideWhere transported in the body?
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Freein the plasma and are taken to cells by passive diffusion
Erythrocytes, the brain and kidneys requires sodium dependent transport |
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Hos is niacin excreted?
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Through the urine
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How is nicotinic acid and nicotinamide excreted?
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The body reabsorbs them so minimal excretion in urine
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What is NAD used for in metabolic reactions?
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Energy production
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What is NADP used for?
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Synthesis of substances such as hormones and cholesterol
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what forms are NAD and NADP found in in the body?
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NADin oxidized form
NADP I reduced form NADPH3 |
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What are some of the reactions that NAD and NADP are involved in?
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Energy metabolism
Synthesis of fatty acids/cholesterol Synthesis of steroid hormones Regeneration of glutathione Oxidation of glutamic acid Drug metabolism Conversion of vitamins Antioxidant regeneration Metabolism of prostaglandins |
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Does niacin particpate in no redox reactions as well?
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Yes
Cell signaling Intracellular calcium mobilizer DNA replication/repair Part of GTF Glucose Tolerance Factor |
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what is a deficiency disease of niacin?
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Pellagra
Dermatitis Diarrhea Dementia Death |
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Susceptible individual for niacin deficiency?
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Poor diet
Alcoholics Malabsorption Carcinoid rumors |
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Can you test for niacin deficiency?
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Not well
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Which form of niacin is used for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
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Nicotinamide only
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What form of niacin is used for heart disease and cholesterol control?
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Nicotinic acid only
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