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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What must the lungs do for respiratory adaptation?
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Go from being fluid filled to air filled.
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What happens to the lungs during vaginal birth?
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The chest is compressed so about 1/3 of the fluid is squeezed out.
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List the type of changes the first breath is a response to.
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1.Mechanical
2.Chemical 3.Thermal 4.Sensory |
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What is a "bad baby"?
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A cold baby.
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What aer the 4 methods of heat loss in a newborn?
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1.Convection
2.Radiation 3.Evaporation 4.Conduction |
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What is the normal range for newborn blood pressure?
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65-95 systolic
30-60 diastolic |
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What is the normal MAP for a newborn?
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Equal to or greater than its getational age in weeks.
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What is the normal heart rate for a newborn?
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120-160.
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What is the normal respiration range for a newborn?
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30-60 per min.
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What is the normal temperature for a newborn?
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97.7-99.5 axillary.
97.7-99.7 rectally. |
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What is the normal head size of a newborn, in inches?
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13-14 inches.
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How would the fontanels of a newborn appear if the newborn were dehydrated?
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They would be sunken in.
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How would the fontanels of a newborn appear if the newborn were overhydrated?
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They would be buldging.
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Describe Caput succedaneum.
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An edematous area on the scalp that crosses the suture lines.
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What causes caput succedaneum?
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A long labor where sustained pressure of the head against the cervix compresses local blood vessels an slows venous return.
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Describe cephalohematoma.
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A collection of blood on the scalp that does not cross the suture line.
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What causes cephalohematoma?
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Ruptured blood vessels between the surface of a cranial bone and the periosteal membrane.
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What is normal weight for a newborn?
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5lbs 8oz - 8lbs 13oz.
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What is the normal length of a newborn?
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19-21 inches.
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When assessing the eyes of a newborn, what are you looking for?
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Symmetry, clean, scant or absent tears, and that the eyes follow objects.
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When assessing the ears of a newborn, what are you looking for?
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That they are well formed and that an imaginary line can be drawn from where the upper ear meets the head to the outer corner of the eye.
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What is normal for skin color on the first day of birth?
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There is a variety of colors and there are no cracks or fissures.
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What is expected of the skin on the second or third day after birth?
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The normal skin color should be present.
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What is lanugo?
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The fine hair that covers the fetus.
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What is Milia?
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Raised white spots across the nose.
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What is vernix caseosa?
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A cheesey substance around the baby that is a protection to the skin.
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What is Nevi?
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Birthmarks.
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What is a newborn rash?
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Yellow bumps with red circles around them.
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When assessing the mouth of a newborn, what are you looking for?
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*Gums and tongue are pink
*Lips and palate intact *Sucking, swallowing, gag reflexes |
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When assessing the stomach of a newborn, what are you looking for?
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*Round and soft
*Bowel sounds *Liver is palpable *3 vessels in the cord |
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When assessing the stool of a newborn, what are you looking for?
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The meconium, the 1st black tarry stool.
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When should the meconium appear?
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Within the first 12-48 hours.
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What is acrocyanosis?
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When the circulation of the newborn had not reached the extremities. The extremities appear pasty.
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Where do you perform capillary refill on a newborn?
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On the chest.
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What vitamin is in low levels in a newborn?
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Vitamin K.
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What is a result of the low levels of vitmain K in newborns?
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They are at risk for bleeding.
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Describe the breathing patterns of a newborn.
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They are irregular and there may be periods of apnea for up to 15 seconds.
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What is gynecomastia?
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Enlarged genitalia.
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What are some signs of neonatal hypoglycemia?
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*Drop in temp
*Hard to awaken *High rate of respirations |
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List the reflexes that are tested when assessing a newborn.
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*Babinski
*Moro *Tonic neck *Walking *Grasp *Rooting *Muscle tone |
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At what 2 points is the apgar scoring done on a newborn?
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At 1 min and 5 min.
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What is the Ballard scale used for?
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To determine the getational age.
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What are two interventions for heatloss with a newborn?
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1.Put on a cap
2.Skin to skin contact |
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Does respiratory distress appear immediately in a newborn?
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No, it can take up to several hours to develop.
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What medication given to the mother may cause respriatory distress?
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Neubane.
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What is colostrum?
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The first breast milk.
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How often do infants eat?
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Every 2 hours.
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How should the diet of the mother change when breast feeding?
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Increase calories by 500 and have 65g of protein per day.
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What are some advantages to breast-feeding?
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*Promotes involution
*Prolactin relaxes mom *Easy to digest *Receives immediatley *Lowers chances of allergies *Lower chance of obesity |
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What are some disadvantages to breast-feeding?
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*Only mom can feed
*Mom has to watch diet *Difficulty with work |
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How often should and infant eat if being bottle fed.
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Every 2-3 hours but could go as long as 4.
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What is used to clean the umbilical cord on a newborn?
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Plain soap and water.
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What can hypothermia lead to in a newborn?
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*Metabolic acidosis
*Hypoxia *Shock |
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How should you position and infant to prevent SIDS?
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On its back.
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What kind of screening is known as a metabolic panel?
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A PKU.
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Why is a PKU performed?
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It can prevent brain damage.
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