New Words

Front 1

acquisition

the act of getting sth, especially knowledge, a skill etc.

His latest ~ is a racehorse.

Back 1

(n)取得、入手、買収

Front 2

invade

to enter a country, town, etc.

Troops ~ed on August 9th that year.

Back 2

(v)~に侵入する、〜を侵略する

Front 3

premise

a statement or an idea that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argument.

The basic ~ of her argument.

Back 3

(n）前提、仮定

Front 4

circumstance

the conditions and facts that are connecter with and affect a situation, an event or an action.

The company reserves the right to cancel this argument in certain ~ .

Back 4

(n)状況、出来事、事件

Front 5

detour

a longer route that you take in order to avoid a problem or to visit a place

We had to make a ~ around the flooded fields.

Back 5

(n)回り道、回路、迂回する

Front 6

statistical

a collection of information shown in numbers

According to official ~ the disease killed over 500 people.

Back 6

(adj)統計の、統計上の

Front 7

obsolete

no longer used because sth new has been invented

With technological change many traditional skills have become ~ .

Back 7

(adj)廃れた、古くさい、時代遅れの

Front 8

restriction(s)

a rule or law that limits what you can do or what can happen

The government has agreed to lift ~ on press freedom.

Back 8

(n)制限するもの、制限条件

Front 9

chronic

lasting for a long time: difficult to cure or get rid of

The country's ~ unemployment problem.

Back 9

(adj)慢性の、長期にわたる

Front 10

rural

connected with or like the countryside

a ~ way of life

Back 10

(n)田舎の、田園の

Front 11

urban

connected with a town or city

Damage to both ~ and rural environment

Back 11

(adj)都市の、都会の

Front 12

senator

a member of sanate

Ha has served as a Democratic ~ for Texas since 2000.

Back 12

(n)上院議員、理事

Front 13

millennium

a period of 1000 years, especially as calculated before or after the birth of Chist

The second ~ AD

Back 13

(n)1000年間、千年祭

Front 14

budget

the money that is available to a person or an organization and a plan of how it will be spent over a period of time

an advertising ~ to $3 million

Back 14

(n)予算、経費

Front 15

conservation

the protection of the natural environment

to be interested in wildlife ~

Back 15

(adj)保守的な

Front 16

vice

evil or immoral behavior: an evil or immoral quality in sb's character

The file ended most satisfactorily: ~ punished and virtue rewarded.

Back 16

(n)悪、犯罪、悪習

Front 17

federal

a ~ country or system of government consists of a group of states which control their own affairs, but which are also controlled by a single national government which makes decisions on foreign affairs, defense

Switzerland is a federal republic

Back 17

(adj)連邦の

Front 18

candidate

someone who is being considered for a job or is competing in an election

a presidential ~

Back 18

(n)候補者、志願者

Front 19

decline


a decrease in the quality, quantity, or importance of something


There has been a ~ in the size of families.

Back 19

(n)断る

Front 20

insurance

n arrangement with a company in which you pay them money, especially regularly, and they pay the costs if something bad happens, for example if you become ill or your car is damaged

Your father took out ~ to cover the mortgage.

Back 20

(n)保健、保健契約

Front 21

investigation

an official attempt to find out the truth about or the causes of something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem

The ~ continued for nearly three years.

Back 21

(n)調査、取り調べ

Front 22

administration

the activities that are involved in managing the work of a company or organization

We're looking for someone with experience in ~ .

Back 22

(n)行政、管理、運営

Front 23

legislation

a law or set of laws

This is a very important piece of ~ (=law).

Back 23

(n)立法、法律制定

Front 24

ensure

to make certain that something will happen properly [= make sure]

facilities to ~ the safety of cyclists

Back 24

(v)確実にする、確保する

Front 25

distribution

the act of sharing things among a large group of people in a planned way

the ~ of aid supplies

Back 25

(n)分配、配布、分布

Front 26

impose

if someone in authority imposes a rule, punishment, tax etc, they force people to accept it

The court can ~ a fine.

Back 26

(v)負わせる、課する

Front 27

relevant

directly relating to the subject or problem being discussed or considered [≠ irrelevant]

~ documents were presented in court.

Back 27

(adj)適切な

Front 28

resident

someone who lives or stays in a particular place

the ~ of Westville

Back 28

(n)居住者

Front 29

retain

to keep something or continue to have something

You have the right to ~ possession of the goods.

Back 29

(v)保持する、記憶する

Front 30

pension

an amount of money paid regularly by the government or company to someone who does not work any more, for example because they have reached the age when people stop working or because they are ill

At what age can you start drawing your ~ ?

Back 30

(n)年金、恩恵

Front 31

enterprise

a company, organization, or business

commercial ~ such as banks and food manufacturers

Back 31

(n)事業、企業

Front 32

troop

soldiers in an organized group

Both countries agreed to withdraw their ~ .

Back 32

(n)軍隊、群れ

Front 33

sufficient

as much as is needed for a particular purpose [= enough; ≠ insufficient]

We can only prosecute if there is ~ evidence.

Back 33

(adj)十分な、足りる

Front 34

revenue

money that a business or organization receives over a period of time, especially from selling goods or services [↪ income]

advertising ~

Back 34

(n)歳入、資源

Front 35

sequence

the order that something happens or exists in, or the order it is supposed to happen or exist in

The questions should be asked in a logical ~ .

Back 35

(n)連続、連鎖

Front 36

initiative

the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do

I wish my son would show more ~ .

Back 36

(n)手始め、主導権

Front 37

imply


to suggest that something is true, without saying this directly [↪ infer, implication]

Cleo blushed. She had not meant to ~ that he was lying.

Back 37

(v)ほのめかす、暗示する

Front 38

communist

relating to communism [↪ capitalist, socialist]

a ~ country

Back 38

(adj)共産主義の

Front 39

bid

to offer to pay a particular price for goods, especially in an auction

She ~ £100 for a Victorian chair.

Back 39

(v)値を付ける

Front 40

dispute

a serious argument or disagreement

The firm is involved in a legal ~ with a rival company.

Back 40

(n)論争、紛争

Front 41

prospect

he possibility that something will happen

I see no ~ of things improving here.

Back 41

(n)将来性、景色

Front 42

asset

he things that a company owns, that can be sold to pay debts

a corporation with $9 billion in ~

Back 42

(n)資産、財産

Front 43

provision

when you provide something that someone needs now or in the future

the ~ of childcare facilities

Back 43

(n)準備、供給

Front 44

attorney

a lawyer


In American English, the word attorney is often used instead, especially in legal or official language and especially to refer to a lawyer who represents people in court.

Back 44

(n)弁護士

Front 45

assess

to make a judgment about a person or situation after thinking carefully about it [= judge]

a report to ~ the impact of advertising on children

Back 45

(v)評価する

Front 46

abuse

cruel or violent treatment of someone

several cases of child 〜

Back 46

(n)悪用、虐待

Front 47

derive

o get something, especially an advantage or a pleasant feeling, from something

Medically, we will ~ great benefit from this technique.

Back 47

(v)引き出す

Front 48

distinction

a clear difference or separation between two similar things

the ~ between formal and informal language

Back 48

(n)区別

Front 49

deputy

also Deputy someone who is directly below another person in rank, and who is officially in charge when that person is not there

the ~ Secretary of State

Back 49

(n)代理、代理人

Front 50

convention
a large formal meeting for people who belong to the same profession or organization or who have the same interests

a teachers' ~

Back 50

(n)大会、代表者会議

Front 51

scheme

an official plan that is intended to help people in some way, for example by providing education or training [= program]


a pension ~

Back 51

(n)計画、陰謀

Front 52

criterion

a standard that you use to judge something or make a decision about something

the ~ we use to select candidates

Back 52

(n）基準、標準

Front 53

collapse

if a building, wall etc collapses, it falls down suddenly, usually because it is weak or damaged

Uncle Ted's chair ~ under his weight.

Back 53

(v)崩壊する、衰える

Front 54

fundamental

relating to the most basic and important parts of something

We have to tackle the ~ cause of the problem.

Back 54

(adj)根本的な

Front 55

hence

for this reason

The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry. ~ factory location is an important consideration.

Back 55

(adv)それゆえ、したがって

Front 56

radical

a radical change or difference is very big and important

They are proposing ~ changes to the way the company is run.

Back 56

(adj)急進的な

Front 57

crucial

something that is crucial is extremely important, because everything else depends on it

This aid money is ~ to the government's economic policies.

Back 57

(adj)決定的な

Front 58

virtually

lmost [= practically]

~ all the children come to school by bus.

Back 58

(adv)事実上

Front 59

entitle

to give someone the official right to do or have something

Full-time employees are ~ to receive health insurance.

Back 59

(v)権利を与える

Front 60

inflation

a continuing increase in prices, or the rate at which prices increase

The annual rate of ~ fell.

Back 60

(n)膨張、誇張

Front 61

expenditure

the total amount of money that a government, organization, or person spends during a particular period of time [↪ income]

~ on research and development

Back 61

(n)支出、消費

Front 62

obligation

a moral or legal duty to do something

America's obligation to its allies

Back 62

(n)義務、責務

Front 63

restriction

a rule or law that limits or controls what people can do

~ on immigration

Back 63

(n)制限、制限条件

Front 64

bankruptcy

he state of being unable to pay your debts [= insolvency]

In 1999 it was revealed that he was close to ~ .

Back 64

(n)破産、倒産

Front 65

litter

waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place [= rubbish, trash, garbage]

People who drop ~ can be fined in some cities.

Back 65

(n)散らかったもの、くず、ゴミ

Front 66

erect

in a straight upright position

Martin stood ~ on the platform.

Back 66

(adj)直立した、まっすぐな

Front 67

enthusiastic

feeling or showing a lot of interest and excitement about something

All the staff are ~ about the project.

Back 67

(adj)熱狂的な、熱心な

Front 68

fraud

the crime of deceiving people in order to gain something such as money or goods

He's been charged with tax ~.

Back 68

(n)詐欺、欺瞞

Front 69

irrigation

to supply land or crops with water

major ~ projects

Back 69

(n）灌漑、注流

Front 70

heir

the person who has the legal right to receive the property or title of another person when they die

John was the sole ~ to a vast estate.

Back 70

(n)相続人、跡取り

Front 71

curtail

to reduce or limit something

The new law will ~ police powers.

Back 71

(V)〜を短くする、短縮する

Front 72

juvenile

relating to young people who are not yet adults

~ crime

Back 72

(adj)未成年の、青年特有の

Front 73

overwhelming

having such a great effect on you that you feel confused and do not know how to react

an ~ sense of guilt

Back 73

(adj)不可抗力の、圧倒的な

Front 74

dividend

a part of a company's profit that is divided among the people with shares in the company

pass a ~

Back 74

(n)配当金、利益配当

Front 75

forgery

a document, painting, or piece of paper money that has been copied illegally [= fake]

The painting was a very clever ~ .

Back 75

(n)偽造、偽造物

Front 76

superflous

more than is needed or wanted [= unnecessary]

a modern building with no ~ decoration

Back 76

(adj)過分の、十二分な

Front 77

reimbursement

to pay money back to someone when their money has been spent or lost

~ his travel express

Back 77

(n）返済、弁償

Front 78

conglomerate

a large business organization consisting of several different companies that have joined together

an international ~

Back 78

(adj)丸く固まった、集合体

Front 79

thread

a long thin string of cotton, silk etc used to sew or weave cloth

I'm looking for a needle and ~.

Back 79

(n)糸、縫い糸

Front 80

strand

a single thin piece of thread, wire, hair etc

He reached out and brushed a ~ of hair away from her face.

Back 80

(n)ひも、ひもに通したもの

Front 81

perceive

to understand or think of something or someone in a particular way [↪ perception]

Even as a young woman she had been ~ as a future chief executive.

Back 81

(v)〜を知覚する、〜であると気づく

Front 82

devour

o eat something quickly because you are very hungry

The boys ~ their pancakes.

Back 82

(v)〜をむさぼり食う、がつがつ食う

Front 83

consumption

the amount of energy, oil, electricity etc that is used [↪ consume]

dramatic rises in fuel ~

Back 83

(n)消費、消費高

Front 84

disclose

o make something publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret [= reveal]

Some companies have already voluntarily ~ similar information.

Back 84

(v)〜を暴く、暴露する

Front 85

bias

an opinion about whether a person, group, or idea is good or bad which influences how you deal with it

political ~ in the press

Back 85

(N)先入観、傾向

Front 86

affection

a feeling of liking or love and caring [= fondness]

Bart had a deep ~ for the old man.

Back 86

(n)愛情、好意、愛着

Front 87

contradict

o disagree with something, especially by saying that the opposite is true

Deborah opened her mouth to ~ , but closed it again.

Back 87

(v)〜を否定する、〜と矛盾する

Front 88

monopoly

if a company or government has a monopoly of a business or political activity, it has complete control of it so that other organizations cannot compete with it

They are demanding an end to the Communist Party's ~ of power.

Back 88

(n)独占、専売

Front 89

facilitate


to make it easier for a process or activity to happen

Computers can be used to ~ language learning.

Back 89

(v)〜を容易にする、促進する

Front 90

monotonous

boring because of always being the same

a ~ diet

Back 90

(adj)単調な、変化のない

Front 91

forbid

to tell someone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is not allowed [≠ permit]

He was ~ to leave the house, as a punishment.

Back 91

(v)〜を禁ずる、許さない

Front 92

coherent

if a piece of writing, set of ideas etc is coherent, it is easy to understand because it is clear and reasonable

The three years of the course are planned as a ~ whole.

Back 92

(adj)密着した、凝集性の

Front 93

tuition

teaching, especially in small groups

I had to have extra ~ in maths.

Back 93

(n)指導、授業

Front 94

deceive

to make someone believe something that is not true [= trick; ↪ deception]

He had been ~ by a young man claiming to be the son of a millionaire.

Back 94

(v)〜をだます、欺く

Front 95

smuggle

to take something or someone illegally from one country to another

The guns were ~ across the border.

Back 95

(V)~を密輸する、こっそり持ち込む

Front 96

abolish

to officially end a law, system etc, especially one that has existed for a long time

Slavery was ~ in the US in the 19th century.

Back 96

(v)〜を廃止する

Front 97

dispatch
to send someone or something somewhere for a particular purpose

A reporter was ~ to Naples to cover the riot.

Back 97

(v)〜を派遣する

Front 98

ass

stupid, annoying person [= fool]

He's a pompous ~ .

Back 98

(n)ばか、ロバ

Front 99

multiple

many, or involving many things, people, events etc

Baxter was rushed to the hospital with ~ stab wounds.

Back 99

(adj)複合的な、倍数の

Front 100

advocate

to publicly say that something should be done

Extremists were openly ~ violence.

Back 100

(v)主張する、弁護する

Front 101

main

a large pipe or wire carrying the public supply of water, electricity, or gas:
[Look up a word starting with D or S for samples of headword or sentence pronunciations

The report found that many of Yorkshire's water ~ needed replacing.

Back 101

(n)主要な