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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an important technique for measuring blood flow and energy consumption in the brain?
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
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PET is based on the detection of radioactivity emitted when what undergoes radioactive decay in the brain?
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when POSITRONS, positively charged particles, undergo radioactive decay
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PET can help researchers understand the causes of what?
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Depression
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A technique similar to positron emission tomography, SPECT stands for what?
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Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
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What method provides a high- quality, 3-D image of organs and structures of the body without using radiation?
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
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For an MRI, what color is bone likely to show up as?
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Black
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For an MRI, do tissues containing a lot of water and fat produce bright or dark images?
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Bright images
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What does MRI stand for?
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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What does MRS, a method ideal for studying the natural course of a disease or its response to treatment, stand for?
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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What method combines MRI with a strategy for detecting increases in blood oxygen levels in the brain?
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
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What method is a recently developed technique that reveals the source of weak magnetic fields emitted by neurons?
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Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
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How the heck do you remember what MEG stands for?
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Magneto- Ence- phaloGraphy
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What technique renders the skull transparent by shining lasers through the skull at near-infrared frequencies?
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Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)
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What techniques are inexpensive, relatively portable, silent and safe?
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Optical imaging techniques
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What is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
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Long spiraling, double- helix structure found on the chromosomes in the nucleus of every human cell
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The size of the expanded repeat of what sequence in an individual is a predictive of Huntington's disease?
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CAG
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What is inherited retinoblastoma?
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a rare, highly malignant childhood eye tumor that can lead to blindness or death
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How many pairs of chromosomes are in the nucleus of a human cell?
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23
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During protein production, what molecule does a gene use to send the instructions and amino acids needed to make a protein?
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mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid)
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Different mutations in which genes were found to cause several rare neurological disorders?
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Mitochondrial genes
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