Nevous System Iii: The Brain

Front 1

The cerebrum is divided into right and left ___________ by a longitudinal _______.

Back 1

Hemispheres, fissure

Front 2

What divides each hemisphere into 4 lobes?

Back 2

Sulci.

Front 3

What type of matter is the cerebral cortex made of?

Back 3

Gray matter.

Front 4

What connects the two hemipsheres?

Back 4

Corpus callosum.

Front 5

What type of fiber interconnects and areas in the neural cortex within a single cerebral hemisphere?

Back 5

Association fibers.

Front 6

What type of fiber interconnects and permits communication between cerebral hemispheres, and also makes the corpus callosum?

Back 6

Commissural fibers.

Front 7

What type of fiber links the cerebral cortex to the diencephalons, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord?

Back 7

Projection fibers.

Front 8

What do project fibers link the cerebral cortex to?

Back 8

Diencephalons, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord

Front 9

What is the cerebral cortex?

Back 9

Outer later of the cerebrum.

Front 10

What coordinates automatic muscle movements?

Back 10

Basal ganglia.

Front 11

What are basal ganglia?

Back 11

Masses of gray matter.

Front 12

Where are basal ganglia located?

Back 12

Deep within cerebral hemispheres.

Front 13

What do basal ganglia do?

Back 13

Coordinate automatic muscle movements, they achieve this by producing inhibitory dopamine to coordinate skeletal muscle movement.

Front 14

Cerebral lobes are named for the ____ under which they lie.

Back 14

Bone.

Front 15

Where is the sensory cortex located?

Back 15

In the parietal lobe.

Front 16

What does the sensory cortex do?

Back 16

Interpret sensory impulses.

Front 17

Where is the motor cortex located?

Back 17

The frontal lobe.

Front 18

What does the motor cortex do?

Back 18

Directs voluntary movement.

Front 19

Where is the visual cortex located?

Back 19

The occipital lobe.

Front 20

What does the visual cortex do?

Back 20

Interpret visual stimuli.

Front 21

Where is the auditory and olfactory cortex located?

Back 21

In the temporal lobe.

Front 22

What does the auditory cortex do?

Back 22

Perception of auditory stimuli.

Front 23

What does the olfactory cortex do?

Back 23

Perception of smell stimuli.

Front 24

What are sensory and motor regions of the cortex connected to that interpret incoming data or coordinate a motor response?

Back 24

Association area.

Front 25

What is an association area?

Back 25

Regions of the cortex that interpret incoming data or coordinate a motor response.

Front 26

If a mosquito lands on you, your first instinct is to swat it. What association area is responsible for this reaction?

Back 26

Somatic sensory association area.

Front 27

What association area monitors activity in the primary sensory cortex?

Back 27

Somatic sensory association area.

Front 28

What does the somatic sensory association area do?

Back 28

Moitors activity in the primary sensory cortex.

Front 29

You recognize the letters c, a, and r. When you see them side by side, you read CAR. What association area is resonsible for this>

Back 29

Visual association area.

Front 30

What association area monitors the patterns of activity in the visual cortex and interprets the results?

Back 30

Visual association area.

Front 31

What does the visual association area?

Back 31

Moniors the patterns of activity in the visual cortex and interprets the results.

Front 32

You can tell if a sound is speech, music, or noise. What association area is responsible for this?

Back 32

Auditory cortex.

Front 33

What does the auditory association area do?

Back 33

Monitors sensory activity in the auditory cortex and word recognition.

Front 34

What association area monitors sensory activity in the auditory cortex and plays a crucial role in word recognition?

Back 34

Auditory association area.

Front 35

What is the association area responsible for the coordination of learned movements?

Back 35

Somatic motor association area.

Front 36

What does the somatic motor assocation area do?

Back 36

Coordinates learned movements (i.e. playing piano, drinking from a glass, etc.)

Front 37

What are areas that receive information from many association areas and direct extremely complex motor activities?

Back 37

Integration centers.

Front 38

What interpretive area receives information from ALL sensory association areas?

Back 38

Wernicke's area.

Front 39

What interpretive area plays an essential role in personality by integrating sensory information and coordinating access to complex visual and auditory memories?

Back 39

Wernicke's area.

Front 40

What interpretive area is an analytical center typically present in the left hemisphere?

Back 40

Wernicke's area.

Front 41

What is another names for Wernicke's Area?

Back 41

General interpretive area.

Front 42

What does Broca's area do?

Back 42

Regulates patterns of breathing and vocalization needed for normal speech.

Front 43

Where is Broca's area located?

Back 43

The left hemisphere.

Front 44

What interpretive center is responsible for the regulation of patterns of breathing and vocalization needed for normal speech?

Back 44

Broca's area.

Front 45

What cortex functions in the abstract intellectual functions, like predicting consequences of events or actions?

Back 45

Prefrontal coretx.

Front 46

Basically, what does the prefrontal cortex do?

Back 46

Coordinates information so you it can predict results, abstract intellectual functinos.

Front 47

What area of the brain does feelings of frustration, tension, and anxiety come from?

Back 47

Prefrontal cortex.

Front 48

What area of the brain helps you predicts consequences fo events or actions?

Back 48

Prefrontal cortex.

Front 49

A scientist would most likely be dominated by what brain hemispehre?

Back 49

Left.

Front 50

An artist or musician would most likely be dominated by what brain hemisphere?

Back 50

Right.

Front 51

What does the pineal gland secrete?

Back 51

Melatonin.

Front 52

What secretes melatonin?

Back 52

Pineal gland.

Front 53

What relays all sensory input to the cerebral cortex?

Back 53

Thalamus.

Front 54

What does the thalamus do?

Back 54

Relay sensory input to the cerebral cortex.

Front 55

Basically, what does the hypothalamus do?

Back 55

Regulate many different patterns, behaviors, and activities. Also secretes ADH to prevent water loss in kidneys.

Front 56

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

Back 56

To function in involuntary functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood vessel diamater, etc.

Front 57

What part of the brain functions in heartbeat, breathing, blood vessel diamter, and other involuntary functions?

Back 57

Medulla oblongata.

Front 58

What does the reticular formation fucntion in?

Back 58

Consciousness and arousal.

Front 59

What functions in consciousness and arousal?

Back 59

The reticular formation.

Front 60

When you are asleep, what part of your brain needs to "shut down"?

Back 60

Reticular formation.

Front 61

What part of the brain functions in reflexes?

Back 61

Medulla oblongata.

Front 62

What part of the brain, with the medulla oblongata, controls breathing?

Back 62

Pons.

Front 63

What part of the brain relays impulses from one side of the cerebellum to another and between the medulla and midbrain?

Back 63

Pons.

Front 64

The limbic system is functional and not__________.

Back 64

Anatomical.

Front 65

What system establishes emotional states?

Back 65

Limbic system.

Front 66

What links conscious intellectual functions of the coretx with automatic functions of the brainstem?

Back 66

Limbic system.

Front 67

What system faciliates memory storage and retrieval?

Back 67

Limbic system.

Front 68

What part of the brain is motivational?

Back 68

Limbic system.

Front 69

What are ventricles?

Back 69

Series of conencted cavities within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem.

Front 70

What are the series of connected cavities within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem called?

Back 70

Ventricles.

Front 71

What is found in ventricles?

Back 71

Cerebrospinal fluid.

Front 72

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?

Back 72

Cushioning.

Front 73

What color should the cerebrospinal fluid be?

Back 73

Clear.

Front 74

Short-term memory is mostly _________ in nature.

Back 74

Electrical.

Front 75

Short-term memory is also called _______ memory.

Back 75

Working memory.

Front 76

What type of memory forms temporary "circuits"?

Back 76

Short-term memory.

Front 77

What type of memory stops when a pattern of stimulation is stopped?

Back 77

Short Term.

Front 78

What type of memory requires that synpatic connections between neurons are established and remain unchanged for years?

Back 78

Long term memory.

Front 79

How can you strengthen your long term memory?

Back 79

Repeated stimulation of the same synpatic connections again and again.

Front 80

What is another name for midbrain?

Back 80

Mesencephalon.

Front 81

What part of the brain helps coordinate smooth, complex, and skilled movements?

Back 81

Cerebellum.

Front 82

What part of the brain regulates posture and balance?

Back 82

Cerebellum.

Front 83

What part of the brain regulates involuntary coordination and control of ongoing body movements?

Back 83

Cerebellum.

Front 84

What part of the brain maintains the involuntary control of muscle tone and limb position?

Back 84

Midbrain.

Front 85

What part of the brain coordinates movements of the eyeballs in response to visual and other stimuli?

Back 85

Midbrain.

Front 86

What part of the brain coodinates movement of the head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli?

Back 86

Midbrain.

Front 87

What part of the brain relays motor impulses from the cerebral cortex to the pons and sensory impulses from the spinal cord to the thalamus?

Back 87

Midbrain.

Front 88

What part of the brain coordinates automatic processing of incoming sensations, iniates involuntary motor responses to stimuli, and helps maintain consciousness (RAS)?

Back 88

Midbrain.