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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vessels that Supply Head/Neck/Brain |
• Innominate, left common carotid, subclavians |
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Innominate Artery |
• First branch of ascending aorta • Divides into RCA and Rt Subclavian |
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Lt Subclavian Artery |
• Originates independently of LCA • Subclavians supply upper limbs |
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Vertebral Arteries |
• First branch of subclavians • Ascend to foramen transversarium at C1 • Become intracranial passing through foramen magnum |
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Common Carotids |
• Arise from base of neck • Bifurcate into ICA and ECA at C4 |
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Circle of Willis |
• Receives blood from bilat ICAs and basilar artery • Shunts blood from one system to another if proximal obstruction present • 21% born without intact circle |
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Intracranial ICA Begins |
• Petrous portion of temporal bone into cavernous sinus |
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Carotid Siphon |
• Entire segment of intracranial ICA |
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Cavernous Segment |
• Within sella turcica • AKA parasellar segment |
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Supraclinoid ICA |
• Splits to form MCA/ACA • Origin of ophthalmic artery and PCOA |
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Ophthalmic Artery |
• Supplies eyes, interconnects branches of ECA |
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Middle Cerebral Artery |
• Largest continuation of ICA • Main trunk: M1 • Distal: M2, M3 segments |
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Anterior Cerebral Artery |
• Origin at supraclinoid ICA • A1 courses midline, branches into A2 |
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Major Branch of Vertebral |
• Posterior inferior cerebellar artery(PICA) |
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Basilar Artery |
• Originates at vertebral confluence • Terminal branch splits to form PCAs |
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Posterior Cerebral Artery |
• Precommunicating: P1 segment • Postcommunicating: P2 segment • PCOA connects to PCAs and tICAs |
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Transtemporal Window Vessels |
• ACA • MCA • PCA |
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Ant/Post Communicating Arteries |
• Not routinely sampled • Sampling suggests increased collateral flow due to Circle of Willis abnormalities |
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Hyperostosis |
• Causes absence of temporal window • 10% of population, occurs in elderly and African Americans |
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Middle Cerebral Artery |
• 30 to 60 mm deep • Toward probe • 55 +/- 12 cm/sec |
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MCA Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• Obliteration or diminishment |
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ACA/MCA Bifurcation |
• 55 to 65 mm deep • Bidirectional flow • Ipsi CCA compressed: sams as ACA/MCA |
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Terminal Internal Carotid Artery |
• 55 to 65 mm deep • Toward • 39 +/- 9 cm/sec |
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TICA Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• Obliteration or reversal |
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Anterior Cerebral Artery |
• 60 to 80 mm deep • Away from probe • Anterior/Superior orientation • 50 +/- 11 cm/sec |
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ACA Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• Diminishment or reversal |
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Posterior Cerebral Artery |
• 60 to 70 mm deep • Toward probe • Posterior/inferior orientation • 39 +/- 10 cm/sec |
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PCA Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• No change or augmentation |
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Carotid Siphon |
• 60 to 80 mm deep • Away, bidirectional, or toward • 47 +/- 14 cm/sec |
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Carotid Siphon Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• Obliteration or reversal |
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Ophthalmic Artery |
• Toward probe • Relatively high resistance |
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Parasellar CS |
• Toward probe |
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Genu CS |
• Bidirectional |
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Supraclinoid CS |
• Away from probe |
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Vertebral Arteries |
• 60 to 90 mm deep • Away from probe • 38 +/- 10 cm/sec |
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Vertebrals Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• Obliteration, diminishment, or reversal |
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Basilar Artery |
• 80 to 120 mm deep • Away • 41 +/- 10 cm/sec |
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Basilar Response to Ipsi CCA Compression |
• No change or diminishment |
