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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Excitatory neurotransmitter involved in motor control, learning and memory |
Acetylcholine (ACh) |
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Facilitates learning and memory |
Acetylcholine (ACh) or Glutamate (Glu) [glutamic acid] |
Either the most commonly found excitatory neurotransmitter or a neurotransmitter that serves as both excitatory (for muscular movement) or inhibitory depending on the receptor |
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Major neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system |
Acetylcholine (ACh) |
Also an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in muscular movement |
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Causes Alzheimer's disease |
Acetylcholine (ACh) or Glutamate (Glu) |
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Agonist for ACh |
Black widow spider venom Pesticides |
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Prevents release of ACh and can cause paralysis in respiratory muscles |
Botulinum toxin |
Where botox comes from |
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Excitatory neurotransmitter Energy, arousal, vigilance |
Norepinephrine (NE)/Noreadrenaline Or Epinephrine/Adrenaline |
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Associated with bipolar mood disorder |
Norepinephrine (NE)/Noreadrenaline Or Epinephrine/Adrenaline |
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Prolongs action of NE by stimulating release |
Cocaine |
Coke |
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Causes hyperactivity if there is too much of it |
Norepinephrine (NE)/Noreadrenaline Or Epinephrine/Adrenaline |
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Reward-motivation mechanism |
Dopamine (DA) or Endorphin |
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Dopamine: Inhibitory or Excitatory? |
Inhibitory: controls posture and voluntary movements |
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Disease associated with Dopamine (DA) |
Parkinson's disease |
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Neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenia |
Dopamine (DA) |
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Works on sympathetic nervous system |
Dopamine (DA) |
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Serotonin is also known as the ____ chemical |
"Worry" chemical |
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Controls & regulates emotion, impulses, sleep and dream |
Serotonin (5-HT) |
Undersupply may cause suicidal thoughts, depression, OC behavior, anxiety, insomnia |
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Used to treat depression |
Prozac |
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Most commonly found excitatory neurotransmitter in CNS |
Glutamate (Glu) |
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Subtype of glutamate receptor |
NMDA (N-methyl D-aspartate) |
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Enhances transmission of information in the brain and related with learning and memory |
Glutamate (Glu) |
Plays role in long-term potentiation (LTP) |
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NMDA receptor antagonist |
Ketamine |
Anesthetic |
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Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in CNS |
Gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) |
Amino acid |
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Disease associated with Gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) |
Huntington's disease |
Inherited disorder causing degeneration of caudate nucleus and putamen |
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Causes sleep and eating disorders |
Increased levels of GABA |
Amino acid neurotransmitter |
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Suppresses neural activity and is released by astrocytes when neurons are short of oxygen |
Adenosine |
Nuceloside |
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Amount increases during wakefulness and decreases during sleep |
Adenosine |
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What reduces the production of adenosine? |
Caffeine |
Mountain Dew = 54mg 2 strong cups of coffee = 200mg 700mg can contribute to panic attacks |
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Reward system and pain reduction or suppression |
Endorphin |
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Body's natural pain killer or endogenous morphine |
Endorphin |
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What are the effects of endorphin? |
Regulates positive emotions and feeling of pleasure Reduces stress and promotes calmness and serenity |
Pleasure Stress |
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What group of food reduces anxiety and induces calmness? |
Carbohydrates |
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What group of food increases alertness? |
Proteins (salmon, eggs, cheese etc.) |
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What food reduces anxiety or depression? |
Fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines) |
Rich in Omega-3 fatty acids |
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Heightens alertness and concentration |
Dopamine Norepinephrine (NE) |
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Has a calming effect |
Serotonin |
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