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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three channels in the cochlea.
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Scala Vestibulae, Scala Media, Scala Tympani
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What fluid does the scala vestibulae contain?
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Perilymph
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What fluid does the scala typani contain?
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Perilymph
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What fluid does the scala media contain?
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Endolymph
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What are the properties of endolymph?
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Main cation is potassium, high positive charge (80-120mV) due to presence of positively-charged amino acids.
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What is the ionic composition of perilymph?
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Sodium 138mM Potassium 6.9mM
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What is responsible for the high concentration of potassium in endolymph?
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Secretion from the stria vascularis
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On what membrane does the organ of Corti rest
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Basilar membrane
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Where are inner hair cells found?
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Within the organ of corti in the scala media.
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What ion is responsible for depolarisation of inner hair cells?
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Potassium
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What is the range of human hearing?
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20-20,000 Hz
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What is the role of the stria vascularis?
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Produces endolymph for the scala media.
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Name the three bones of the middle ear?
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Malleus, Incus, Stapes
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What is the role of tensor tympani?
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Dampen sounds such as those produced by chewing
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To which ossicle does tensor tympani attach?
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Malleus
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What nerve innervates tensor tympani?
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The tensor tympani nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V).
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What is the first cranial nerve?
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Olfactory Nerve
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What is the second cranial nerve?
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Optic nerve
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What is the third cranial nerve?
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Oculomotor
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What is the fourth cranial nerve?
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Trochlear nerve
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What is the fifth cranial nerve?
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Trigeminal
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What is the sixth cranial nerve
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Abducens
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What is the seventh cranial nerve?
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Facial
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What is the eighth cranial nerve?
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Vestibulocochlear nerve
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What is the ninth cranial nerve?
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Glossopharyngeal
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What is the tenth cranial nerve?
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Vagus
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What is the eleventh cranial nerve?
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Accessory nerve
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What is the twelth cranial nerve?
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Hypoglossal
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Where are the cell bodies of fibres in the cochlear nerve?
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Spiral ganglion within cochlea
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What is the first anatomical site which recieves stimulation from both ears?
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?
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What thalamic nuclei is most involved in audition?
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Median geniculate nucleus
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Where is the primary auditory cortex?
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Right posterior superior temporal gyrus
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What are the symptoms of receptive aphasia.
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Incorrect language content - eg use of wrong and nonexistant words
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What is the cause of receptive aphasia?
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Damage to the medial temporal lobe
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What is the function of the stapedius muscle?
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Dampens the vibrations of the stapes.
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What is the shape of the tympanic membrane?
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Flat cone pointing inwards towards the inner ear.
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Which nerve controls the stapedius muscle?
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Favial nerve
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Which type of hair cells recieve greater efferent innervation?
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Outer
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What is the first site of neuronal processing of information from the inner ear?
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Cochlear nucleus
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Where is the cochlear nucleus?
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In the brainstem
At the dorso-lateral side spanning the junction of the pons and medulla. |
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What membrane are outer hair cells stereocilium in contact with?
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Tectorial membrane
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Where do auditory neurons from the ventral cochlear nucleus send axons to?
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The superior olive
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In which pathway to auditory neurons from the superior olive ascend?
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Lateral Lemniscus
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Where are auditory neurons from the superior olive sent?
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Inferior colliculus
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What is the role of the inferior colliculus?
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Prinicipal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathways
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What is the role of the superior colliculus?
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Recieve input from eyes and other sensory systems.
Direct behavioral responses toward specific points in space. |
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Which brain stem nucleus is associated with detecting inter aural timing differences?
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Median superior olive
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What is the first stage in the auditory pathway to recieve input from both cochleas?
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The superior olivary complex
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Where does the vestibulocochlear nerve leave the skull?
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Via the internal acoustic meatus in the temporal bone
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