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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who created the patch clamp method?
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Neher and Sakmann
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Patch Clamp (overall goal)
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Can look at ion flow through a single channel.
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Inward Rectifier K+ Channel
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more current flows at hyperpolarization conditions
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Ca2+ activated K+ Channels
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more current flows if Ca2+ is added intracellularly
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2-pore K+ channels
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pH sensitive
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Structure of K+ channels
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4 subunits, each containing 6 transmembrane helices
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Structure of Na+ channels
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1 protein with 24 transmembrane helices
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Rod Mackinnon (2001)
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discovered structure of a bacterial K+ channel
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affect of scorpion toxin on channels in the membrane
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prolongs Na+ current by blocking the inactivation of the protein
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Shaker mutation
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affects K+ channels, causes greater efflux in response to stimulation than wild type
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Episodic Ataxia
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results in uncoordinated movements. analogous to shaker gene in flies
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channelopathies
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diseases linked to defective ion channels
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genetic channelopathies
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start with mutated genes
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Autoimmune and toxic channelopathies
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start with antibodies or toxins
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transcriptional channelopathies
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result from abnormal transcription of normal genes
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Andersen Syndrome
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mutation in a gene encoding a rectifier K+ subunit. reduced ability to recover after an action potential, which causes episodes of weakness or paralysis
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