Neuroscience Lecture 14 B

Front 1

What part of the brain is responsible for the planning and precise control of complex sequences of voluntary movements?

Back 1

motor and premotor cortices

Front 2

medial ventral horn

Back 2

contains motor neuron pools that innervate axial muscle and proximal limb muscles

Front 3

lateral ventral horn

Back 3

contains motor neuron pools that innervate distal limbs

Front 4

medial local circuit neurons in the spinal cord

Back 4

have axons that project entire length of the cord, and also innervate contralaterally. this is to maintain posture

Front 5

lateral circuit neurons in the spinal cord

Back 5

do not cross the midline, have small range. allows distal regions to act independently of each other

Front 6

vestibular nuclei

Back 6

receive info from inner ear, project to medial regions of spinal cord

Front 7

superior colliculus

Back 7

projects to medial cell groups in the cervical cord, influences neck muscles

Front 8

retiuclar formation

Back 8

receives input from higher motor cortex, important for posture

Front 9

Red nucleus

Back 9

located in midbrain, receives input from motor cortex and cerebellum. involved in movement of arm muscles

Front 10

feedforward processing

Back 10

able to predict changes in posture, some muscles fire in anticipation. reticulospinal tract inportant in this

Front 11

direct projection from motor cortex

Back 11

synapses directly on ventral lateral spinal cord (fine motor movements)

Front 12

indirect projection from the motor cortex

Back 12

synapses in the reticular formation, which then sends a signal to the medial spinal cord (postural adjustments)

Front 13

where is the primary motor cortex located?

Back 13

in the precentral gyrus

Front 14

where does the motor cortex get input from?

Back 14

basal ganglion and cerebellum

Front 15

Where do axons cross the midline in the corticospinal tract?

Back 15

in the caudal medulla

Front 16

corticalbulbar pathway

Back 16

primary pathway to facial muscles

Front 17

what do motor maps represent?

Back 17

different movements instead of particular muscle groups themselves

Front 18

lateral premotor cortex

Back 18

important in anticipatory movements

Front 19

medial premotor cortex

Back 19

important in selecting movements based on memory,not in response to cues.