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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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route of olfaction
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odorants bind to receptors in olfactory epithelium --> olfactory bulb --> pyriform cortex (temporal lobe)
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Pyriform Cortex
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relays info from olfactory bulb to thalamus
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what accounts for the differences in abilities of olfactory perception between species? (3 reasons)
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greater number of olfactory receptors, greater density of receptors, amount of cortex used to process info.
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anosmics
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people who cannot smell specific odors
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Vomeronasal organ (VNO)
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recognizes species-specific pheromones
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where does VNO project to?
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accessory olfactory bulb, which projects to hypothalamus
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olfactory receptor signal transduction
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bindin of oderant to receptor activates G-olf, which activates adenylyl cycles, cAMP opens Ca/Na channel, Ca activates a Cl- channel, cell depolarizes
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how does olfactory adaptation occur?
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calmodulin binds ca and closes cl- channels, making the cell depolarize less.
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olfactory bulb
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site where sensory information is collected and sorted
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mitral cells
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dendrites to a single glomerulus and axon to the brain.
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Subventricular zone (SVZ)
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where neurons are made that then migrate to repopulate the olfactory bulb
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fungiform
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type of taste bud localized in the anterior tongue
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cicumvallate
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type of taste bud localized in the rear of the tongue
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foliate
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type of taste bud localized in the posterolateral edge of the tongue
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salty taste receptors
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transduced by ions that open channels, further depolarizting the cell
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sour taste receptors
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transduced by ions that open channels, further depolarizing the cell
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sweet taste receptors
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T1R3 paired with t1R2
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Umami taste receptors
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t1r3 paired with t1r1
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T1R2/3 activation
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activates PLC, increases IP3, opens Ca Channels, depolarizing cells
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TRPM5
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calcium channel that is activated in the sweet/ unami signal transduction pathway.
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T2R
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bitter taste receptors
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gustucin
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specific alpha g protein used by bitter taste receptors
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