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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Consequences of Aging
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Stenosis
Delayed Reflexes Atrophy -All result of degredation of CNS |
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Molecular Neuroscience
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Study of function at molecular level in regards to messengers (communicate), conductors (growth), archivists (memory)
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Cellular Neuroscience
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How molecules work together within a cell
-Different neuron types and functions -Neuron computations |
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Systems Neuroscience
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How neural circuits analyze sensory information, form perceptions, execute movements within a system (motor system)
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Behavioral Neuroscience
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How neural systems work together to produce behavior, mood, dreams
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Schizophrenia
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-Broken Mind
-Loss of touch with reality -Advanced stages are seen as symptoms of Parkinson's |
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Parkinson's
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-Motor Problems
-Flat affect, disinterested facial expressions |
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Cognitive Neuroscience
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Neural mechanisms underlying consciousness, mental imagery, language and action
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Galvani's Discovery
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Nervous tissue produces electrical activity when excited
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Gall's Beliefs
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-Behavior stems from the brain
-Particular regions of cortex controlled specific functions -Behavior was due to activity in brain -Phrenology -Center for each function grew with use and caused overlying skull to bulge -Globalization of function -Characteristics inside skull told where in the brain you had more growth |
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Gall's Mistake
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Instead of examining neural tissue, he correlated that ridges push on the skull to increase size of skull instead of brain tissue actually growing
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Ramon y Cajal's finding
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Neurons form a network of discrete cells.
Neurons are the elementary signaling units of the nervous system |
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Two vies of Brain and Behavior
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1. Aggregate-Field View
2. Cellular Connectionist View |
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Aggregate-Field View
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-Cerebral hemispheres participated in all mental function
-All was connected |
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Cellular Connectionist View
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-Neurons are the signaling units of the brain arranged in functional groups connected to each other in a precise fashion
-Multiple systems in the brain are organized in a hierarchy and are parallel. Damage in one part allows other parts to take over. -Therapists depend on ability to re-train other parts of brain |
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Broca's Finding
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-Speech is located in frontal cortex of brain.
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Broca's patients
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-Loss of the ability to speak was damage in area of frontal cortex
-Oppressive Aphasia - Could respond to unrelated questions |
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Wernicke's Finding
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-Ability to understand speech is located in temporal lobe
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Wernicke's Patients
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-Had speech but couldn't understand
-Expressive Aphasia - Absence of Expressive Speech |
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7 Parts of the CNS
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-Spinal Cord
-Medulla Oblongata -Pons -Cerebellum -Midbrain -Diencephalon -Cerebral Hemispheres |
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Spinal Cord Function
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Allows sensory nerves to receive stimulus from periphery and send mesages to brain, in return a response to muscle is given.
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Medulla Oblongata Function
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Breath, Chew, Basic Operations
(Injury can result in death) |
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Pons Function
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Basic Behaviors
Conduit of information from higher cortical areas to cerebellum |
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Cerebellum Function
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Balance and coordination
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Midbrain Function
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Control of eye movements, coordination of visual and auditory
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Diencephalon Contains
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Consists of thalamus and hypothalamus
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Thalamus Function
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Communication between the cerebral cortex and a number of structures in the lower CNS
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Hypothalamus Function
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Controls the Autonomic Nervous System
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Cerebral Hemisphere Function
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Seat of all high level human behaviors
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Frontal Lobe Function
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Planning future action
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Parietal Lobe Function
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Somatic sensation, spatial representation
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Occipital Lobe Function
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Vision
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Temporal Lobe Function
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Hearing, Learning, Memory
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Right Side of Brain Involved In?
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Music, Art, Representation
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Left Side of Brain Involved In?
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Arithmetic, Language, Calculations
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