Neuroscience - Exam 3 - Lecture 2

Front 1

What is peripheral sensitization?

Back 1

increasing of firing of nociceptive afferents, and lowering of their threshold, resuilting ina higher sensation of pain

Front 2

What is central sensitization?

Back 2

Dorsal horns effected, pain perception from OK tissue surrounding injured tissue

Front 3

What are the 2 types of pain?

Back 3

Acute/Nociceptive and CHRONIC (pathophysiological)

Front 4

In acute pain, when is the pain felt?

Back 4

Before or immediately during the tissue damage

Front 5

Whta is the purpose of acute pain?

Back 5

to promote Flexion - protective

Front 6

what is the purpose of chronic pain?

Back 6

there is none

Front 7

Is visceral pain somatic pain?

Back 7

NO but it is referred to somatic pain

Front 8

what are the 2 types of chronic pain?

Back 8

Neuropathic (eg, diabetic neuropathy) OR chronic inflammation such as arthritis

Front 9

What are the 3 types of fibers involved in primary affs of nociception? give brief descript of each

Back 9

1 - Abeta - LARGE/myelinated, low threshold - non-noxious
2 - Adelta - small, myelinate - nociceptors
3 - C -fibers - small, unmyelinated - noci

Front 10

Relate the occurence of sensitiaztion and activation?

Back 10

Activation can occur w/out sensitization, and sensitization can occur w/out activation

Front 11

Which dorsal horn laminae (I thru X etc) are involved with Noxious processing?

Back 11

V, I and II

Front 12

Which dorsal horn laminae (I thru X etc) are involved with non-Noxious processing?

Back 12

III, IV

Front 13

What are the 3 types of neurons for encoding pain/ and non pain stimuli?

Back 13

LT - low threshold
WDR - wide dynamic range
NS - nociceptive specific

Front 14

What type of afferents are LTs?

Back 14

non-nocieptive

Front 15

What type of afferents are WDRs??

Back 15

noci and non

Front 16

What type of afferents are NSs?

Back 16

noci only

Front 17

Which laminae does this neuron correspond to: LT?

Back 17

III-IV

Front 18

Which laminae does this neuron correspond to: NS

Back 18

I, II, V-VI

Front 19

Which laminae does this neuron correspond to: WDR

Back 19

IV -V

Front 20

What neurons are in the dorsal horn?

Back 20

primary afferent
Interneurons - excitatpory and inhibitory
Projection neurons - to supra/SC sites

Front 21

What is subliminal fringe?

Back 21

synapsing onto dorsal horn but not causing response

Front 22

What are the 2 ascending pathways from the dorsal horn related to pain?

Back 22

Lateral ascending and medial ascending pathway

Front 23

What does the lateral ascending pathway serve to do in pain processing?

Back 23

sensory discrimination - mediates location/duration/quality/intensity

Front 24

What does the medial ascending ;pathway serve to do in pain processing?

Back 24

EMOTIONAL status to pain

Front 25

Which of these (medial asc, lateral asc) is LARGE FAST fibers

Back 25

lateral

Front 26

Which of these (medial asc, lateral asc) is slow, thin fibers?

Back 26

medial

Front 27

Projections of the dorsal horn

Back 27

STT cells
hypothal
mesencephalon
spinobrachaial nerves
retic form
dorsal column nuclei

Front 28

Descending paths of pain start where?

Back 28

LIMBICS - frontal/amygdala

Front 29

The LIMBICS project where?

Back 29

either thru hypothal or directly to PAG - periaqueductal gray

Front 30

PAG goes to DLPT or RVM to do what?

Back 30

inhibit spinal cord noci-process
OR RVM to increase firing giving chronic pain

Front 31

how do NSAIDS work?

Back 31

inhibit CYCLOOXYGENASE - (COX -1) also inhibits mucus/bicarb secretin

Front 32

What is a COX-2 inhib?

Back 32

a NSAID , only approved is celebrex, has cardiac effects though

Front 33

How does APAP work?

Back 33

increases pain threshold, decrease fever, DOESNT effect inflammation

Front 34

What is the negative of APAP?

Back 34

doesnt effect inflammation, and w/OD - cause liver failure

Front 35

What is the treatment for inflammatory pain?

Back 35

first w/ NSAIDS then maybe add opioids

Front 36

what is the treatement for neuropathic pain?

Back 36

Opiods
NOT nsaids (no infl)

Front 37

How doe sa local anesthetic work?

Back 37

blocsk Na channels, block signal to S.C

Front 38

what is Tens?

Back 38

large fiber stiumlator which closes the gate

Front 39

How does an SSRI work in pain treatment?

Back 39

increases serotonin or NE therefore less firing of spinal projection neurons

Front 40

how does an anti-convulsant work?

Back 40

carbamazepine - gaba receptor agonist
gabapentene - maybe Ca chnanels