Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the origin of the anterior choroidal artery and what does it supply?
|
MCA; supplies lateral ventricles, optic tract, basal ganglia (strokes cause Parkinson's on contralateral)
|
|
vincristine?
|
chemotherapeutic that interfers w/ MT involved in cell division, also causes tingling
|
|
tau?
|
associated with fibrillary tangles
|
|
What molecules (3) do astrocytic end feet produce to glue membranes together?
|
Occludin, Claudin, Cadherin
|
|
What is VEGF released by?
|
among other things, astrocytes to stim new vessel growth
|
|
What does angiopoietin I do?
|
induces tight junction formation
|
|
MCAM?
|
during myelin wrapping MCAM family of cell adhesion molecules initiate contact b/t processes and axons
|
|
phospholipid proteins with respect to myelin?
|
anchor inside membrane and glue adjacent membranes together
|
|
4-aminopyridine?
|
blocks K channels and lengthens AP by bridging single demyelinated areas
|
|
what is the gene shiver involved in?
|
point mutation in MBP almost no myelin (MS implications)
|
|
What are the antagonist to BMP?
|
Noggin, Chordin, Follistatin
|
|
What two chemicals are involved in the fusion of neural folds?
|
N-cadherin and N-Cam
|
|
The dorsal epidermis establishes what type of gradient?
|
BMP
|
|
The notochord produces what type of gradient?
|
Shh (high levels at ventral floor)
|
|
What four signals are involved in the A/P axis formation?
|
Wnt, BMP, retinoic acid, FGF
|
|
What ECM molecule is involved in migration?
|
main one: Reelin
|
|
What are ApoE and VLDL receptors involved in?
|
cortical development
|
|
What happens if megalin is knocked out?
|
holoprosencephaly- LDL receptor
|
|
tetrodotoxin?
|
blocks Na channels
|
|
What is the cause of Charcot-marie tooth disease?
|
loss of peripheral axons due to demyelination
|
|
penicillin?
|
in high doses blocks GABA receptors
|
|
MAM?
|
methylasomethanol- causes neuromigratory problems (heterotopias- Kv4.2)
|
|
tetraethylammonium?
|
K channel blocker
|
|
RCK loop?
|
regulatory domain involved in K conductance also has neg. charged aa.
|
|
what channel has constitutively bound calmodulin?
|
SK
|
|
neostigmine?
|
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
|
|
a-bungarotoxin?
|
irreversibly binds antibody in MG against AchR (nicotinic)
|
|
curare?
|
blocks nicotinic AchR
|
|
synaptotagmin?
|
Ca sensor for fusion of vesicles
|
|
What are the Small MW NT (4 groups)?
|
1.Ach
2.A.A.- Glutamate, GABA, glycine 3.Nucleotides- ATP and adenosine 4.Biogenic amines- catecholamines:Dop, Epi, NE Indoleamines: 5-HT, His |
|
What are the neuropeptides?
|
1.Hypothalamic-somatostatin, ADH
2.Opiates- B-endorphins and enkephalins 3. Gut-Brain: Neuropeptide Y and cholecystokinin 4. Nerve growth factor: NGF and BDNF |
|
Both Ionotrophic and Metabotropic?
|
1. Glutamate
2. Ach 3. GABA 4. 5-HT |
|
Just ionotropic?
|
Glycine
|
|
Just metabotropic?
|
1. Dop
2. NE 3. all neuropeptides 4. Sensory receptors (vision, olfaction, taste, etc) |
|
strychnine?
|
glycine antagonist
|
|
What is the cause of stiff/ startle baby?
|
mutated a1 of Glycine
|
|
GABA agonist?
|
benzodiazepines, barbituates, alcohol
|
|
GABA antagonist?
|
Bicuculline
|
|
ketamine and PCP?
|
NMDA antagonist
|
|
amphetamines with respect to both Dop and NE?
|
run dopamine transporters in reverse and cause NE release
|
|
Ritalin?
|
blocks both dopamine and NE transport
|
|
MDMA?
|
ectasy, serotonin
|
|
what are endorphins, opium, and morphine agonist of?
|
Histamine and opiates
|
|
caffiene?
|
antagonist of adenosine receptors
|