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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Increased Signal on T1WI
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Fat
High Protein Subacute Hemorrhage (Methemoglobin) Gadolinium Other Paramagnetics (Manganese, Calcium, Melanin) |
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Decreased Signal on T1WI
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Water (CSF, Edema)
Acute Hemorrhage (Deoxyhemoglobin) Chronic Hemorrhage (Hemosiderin) Diamagnetic Effects (Calcification, Air) Fast Blood Flow Very Viscous Protein |
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Increased Signal on T2WI
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Water (CSF, Edema)
Late Subacute Hemorrhage (Extracellular Methemoglobin) |
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Decreased Signal on T2WI
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Fat (NON-FSE)
High Protein Acute Hemorrhage (Deoxyhemoglobin) Chronic Hemorrhage (Hemosiderin) Early Subacute Hemorrhage (Intracellular Methemoglobin) Other Paramagnetics (Melanin, Calcium) Diamagnetic Effects (Calcification, Air) Fast Blood Flow |
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MR Signals of Hemorrhage
“ITY BITY BABY DODO” |
“ITY BITY BABY DODO”
Deoxy Hemoglobin ID (Iso T1, Dark T2) Intracellular Methemoglobin BD (Bright T1, Dark T2) Extrecellular Methemoglobin BB (Bright T1, Bright T2) Hemosiderin DD (Dark T1, Dark T2) |
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Intracerebral Hemorrhage
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Trauma (edema)
Infarction (edema) Primary Neoplasm/Mets (edema) Hypertension (basal ganglia, cerebellum, brainstem) Amyloid Angiopathy (elderly) Aneurysm AVM Vasculitis Dural Sinus Thrombosis Bleeding Diatheses Cavernous Hemangioma |
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Hemorrhagic Mets
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RCC
Thyroid Choriocarcinoma Melanoma Lung Breast |
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Cerebellar-Pontine Angle Mass
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Vestibular Schwannoma
Meningioma Epidermoid Nonacoustic Schwannoma Mets Arachnoid Cyst Aneurysm |
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Sellar/ Parasellar Mass
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Pituitary Adenoma
Rathke Cleft Cyst Craniopharyngioma Aneurysm Meningioma Optic Glioma Hypothalmic Glioma Hypothalmic Hamartoma Sarcoid TB Germ Cell Tumor |
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Pituitary Stalk-Enhancing Lesions
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Pituitary Stalk-Enhancing Lesions
Sarcoidosis EG Lymphoma Mets Glioma Germinoma |
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Pineal Region Mass
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Pineal Region Mass
Germ Cell Tumor (Teratoma or Seminoma) Pineoblastoma Pineocytoma Cyst Glioma Lipoma Vein of Galen Malformation Trilateral Retinoblastoma |
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Clivus Mass
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Clivus Mass
Chordoma Mets Plasmacytoma Chondrosarcoma |
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Posterior Fossa Lesion (Adult)
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Posterior Fossa Lesion (Adult)
Infarction (Most common cause of Non-Communicating Hydrocephalus. Other causes include Aqueductal Stenosis, Brainstem Glioma) Mets Hemangioblastoma MS Abscess |
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CNS Tumors that Subarachnoid Seed
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CNS Tumors that Subarachnoid Seed
Medulloblastoma Glioblastoma Multiforme Ependymoblastoma Pineoblastoma Oligodendroglioma CPP Germinoma |
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Widened Skull Dipole
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Widened Skull Dipole
Paget Disease (“cotton wool”) Fibrous Dysplasia Sickle Cell/Thalassemia (“hair-on-end”) Locally with Meningioma |
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Posterior Fossa Mass (Child)
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Posterior Fossa Mass (Child)
Medulloblastoma (Displaced 4th Ventricle Anteriorly, Drop Mets) Pilocytic Astrocytoma Ependymoma (Displaces 4th Ventricle Posteriorly, “Plastic” Tumor) Brainstem Glioma |
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Posterior Fossa “Cyst”
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Posterior Fossa “Cyst”
Epidermoid Cyst Arachnoid Cyst Dandy Walker Cyst (and Dandy Walker Variant) Mega Cisterna Magna |
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Childhood Brain Tumors
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Childhood Brain Tumors
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma (Teen, Temporal Lobe, Cystic with Mural Nodule) Ganglioglioma (Benign) Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (Aggressive, Intense Enhancement, Dense Cell Packing) Oligodendroglioma (Chunky Calcifications, Frontal Lobes) Ependymoma |
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Lesions Associated with Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
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Lesions Associated with Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
(Parallel Lateral Ventricles, “High-Riding” 3rd Ventricle, Colpocephaly) Isolated Dandy-Walker Syndrome Septo-Optic Dysplasia (NO Septum Pellucidum) Holoprosencephaly (NO Septum Pellucidum) Chiari II Schizencephaly (May Not Have Septum Pellucidum) Lipoma Encephaloceles |
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Expanded Spinal Cord
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Expanded Spinal Cord
Ependymoma (SAH, Syrinx) Astrocytoma (Syrinx) Hemangioblastoma (Syrinx) MS Transverse Myelitis Infection AVM Syrinx Cavernous Hemangioma Radiation Hemorrhage |
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Extramedullary/ Intradural Spinal Cord Mass
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Extramedullary/ Intradural Spinal Cord Mass
Schwannoma/Neurofibroma (CAUDA EQUINA) Meningioma Myxopapillary Ependymoma (CAUDA EQUINA) Drop Mets (Medulloblastoma, Glioma) Mets (Breast, Lung) Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Dural AVM Hematoma |
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Extradural Spinal Mass
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Extradural Spinal Mass
Herniated Disk Synovial Cyst Lymphoma Veretebral Body (Osteophyte, Hemangioma, Metastases, Other Tumors) Epidural Abscess Epidural Hematoma Epidural Lipomatosis |
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Causes of Syrinx
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Causes of Syrinx
Tumor Ependymoma Astrocytoma Hemangioblastoma Chiari I Trauma |
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Cerebral Ischemia PEDS
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Cerebral Ischemia PEDS
Meningitis Trauma Congenital Heart Dz |
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Cerebral Ischemia YOUNG ADULT
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Cerebral Ischemia YOUNG ADULT
Dissection Drugs (methamphetamine, heroine) Cardiac Emboli Venous Thrombosis (OCP’s) |
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Cerebral Ischemia ELDERLY
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Cerebral Ischemia ELDERLY
Amyloid Coagulopathy Atherosclerosis |
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Ring Enhancing Lesion in the Brain
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Ring Enhancing Lesion in the Brain
Metastases MS (Active Demyelination) Abscess Glioblastoma Infarct Resolving Hematoma Radiation Necrosis AIDS- Lymphoma and Toxoplasmosis |
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Calcified Mass
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Calcified Mass
Oligodendroglioma Meningioma Radiation Treated Tumor Cavernous Angioma Calcifications Without Mass (Cystercercosis, Mineralizing Angiopathy from Radiation, TORCH in Neonate) |
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Hyperdense/Non-calcified Mass on NCECT
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Hyperdense/Non-calcified Mass on NCECT
Lymphoma Meningioma Medulloblastoma Rathke’s Cleft Cyst Hemorrhage Germinoma Colloid Cyst Iron-Containing Lesion (Old Hemorrhage) |
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Lesions Crossing the Corpus Callosum
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Lesions Crossing the Corpus Callosum
Lymphoma Glioblastoma Multiforme MS |
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Third Ventricular Mass
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Third Ventricular Mass
Colloid Cyst Craniopharyngioma Hypothalmic/Thalamic Glioma Basilar Tip Aneurysm Mets |
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Intraventricular Mass
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Meningioma (Atria of Lateral Ventricle)
Choroid Plexus Papilloma (Atria of Lateral Ventricle in Children, 4th Ventricle in Adults) Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma (Arisesg Foramen of Munroe) Central Neurocytoma (Attached to Septum Pellucidum) Ependymoma Medulloblastoma Cysticercosis Mets |
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Leptomeningeal Enhancement
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Leptomeningeal Enhancement
Meningitis (Viral or Bacterial) Carcinomatosis TB (Basilar Meninges) Cocci (Basilar Meninges) Neurosarcoidosis (Basilar Meninges) Sturge Weber (Associated with Cortical Atrophy and Enlarged Ipsilateral Choroid Plexus) |
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White Matter Disease in the Brain
DEMYELINATING |
DEMYELINATING
MS Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Lyme Dz Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy (eclampsia, cyclosporin) PML AIDS |
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White Matter Disease in the Brain
DEMYELINATING |
DYSMYELINATING
Adrenolekodystrophies (Posterior) Alexender’s (Anterior) Canavan’s |
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White Matter Disease in the Brain
ISCHEMIA |
ISCHEMIA
Microangiopathic Ischemic Dz Vasculitis Radiation |
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White Matter Disease in the Brain
TOXIC and TRAUMATIC |
TOXIC
ETOH TRAUMATIC Sheer |
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Increased T1WI Basal Ganglia
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Increased T1WI Basal Ganglia
Dystrophic Calcifications Hepatic Failure TPN (manganese) NF1 |
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Increased T2WI Basal Ganglia
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Increased T2WI Basal Ganglia
Carbon Monoxide (GP-medial) ADEM Ischemia Wilson’s Dz Leigh’s Dz |
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Decreased T2WI Basal Ganglia
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Decreased T2WI Basal Ganglia
Iron Deposition (Hemochromatosis) Hallervorden-Spatz Dz |
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Increased T2 Signal in the Brainstem
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Increased T2 Signal in the Brainstem
Glioma ADEM Central Pontine Myelinolysis (Spares Corticospinal Tracts) |
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Increased T2 Signal in the Temporal Lobe(s)
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Increased T2 Signal in the Temporal Lobe(s)
Herpes Encephalitis Low Grade Tumor Infarction Non-Hemorrhagic Contusion |
