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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes up the Central Nervous System?
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Brain and Spinal Cord
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What is the other major nervous system (besides CNS)?
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Peripheral Nervous System
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What system is within the Peripheral Nervous System and what is within THAT Nervous system?
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Autonomic Nervous System has the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system.
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What is the spinal cord?
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A mass of nervous tissue that gets smaller and smaller the farther down it goes.
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Difference between spinal cord and spine?
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Spine is for muscular support and is made of bone. Spinal cord is made of nervous tissue and is for sending afferent and efferent messages.
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What is the function of the Peripheral Nervous System?
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It is for nerves for mouth, nose, hearing, and touch.
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Is the autonomoic nervous system automatic or voluntary?
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Autonomic
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What is in the Autonomic Nervous System?
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smooth muscle and glands
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When does the sympathetic nervous system kick in?
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When something happens and you respond in a complex and fast way.
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What is ganglia?
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a bump in the nerve
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What are the symptoms of the sympathetic nervous system kicking in?
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increased heart rate, tones muscles of body to fight or flee, increases blood pressure, directs blood to limbs and trunk of body
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What is parasympathetic division of autonomic nervous system do?
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Shuts down things that were turned on by the Sympathetic nervous system
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What does the venous system do? And how does the size change?
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carries blood towards the heart? The veins get bigger and bigger.
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What does dilated mean?
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gets larger
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What does constricted mean?
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gets smaller
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What is dermis' (skin) function as?
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Sensory cell
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Fill this is in: Neural energy is both _____ and ______.
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chemical and electrical
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What is transduction? And what does it?
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When energy changes from one to another. Tranducer cells do this.
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What is a dendrite and on what cell is it found?
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Recieves signals from other neurons
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What is an axon and on what cell is it found?
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Carries the signal away from the cell body. Neuron
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What is a teleodendria and what cell is it found?
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It is the near end of the neuron and is ended by an end foot that may have synaptic space between it and the next neuron
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What is a myelin sheath, what makes it, and how do you tell if it is sophisticated?
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It is protection for the cell, it is made from a Schwann cell, and sophisticated myelin sheaths are usually long and thick
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Describe the neuroconduction of a neuron from the first resting stage to the second resting stage?
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Resting state: potassium+ and chloride- is on the inside and sodium + and chloride - is on the outside
Firing: Because of the concentration gradient sodium + rushes inside Recovery I: Potassium levaves Recovery II: Sodium is forced out Recovery III: Potassium comes back in Resting stage repeats. |
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Define the concentration gradient?
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Molecules will gradually go from high areas of concentration to low areas of concentration
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What is Excitatory post synaptic potential?
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The amount it takes for a particular neuron to fire.
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What is the all or none principle?
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The neuron fires 100% of its signal or nothing
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What is inhibitory post synaptic potential?
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The amount it takes to prevent a neuron from firing
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What is the law of temporal summation?
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All neurons fire at the same time
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What is the law of spatial summation?
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All the synapses have to get to the same space to fire.
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What is a severed spin?
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Break in the spine
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What is the nerve that runs down the outside of the spinal cord?
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Sympathetic ganglia
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What is the difference between paralysis and anesthesia.
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Paralysis is the lost of movement from the point on down anesthesia is the lack of feeling from the point on down.
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What are the symptoms of a traumatic injury to the spine? (immediate, short term, and long term)
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Immediate effect: Trauma – pain (not always)
Short term: bruising and edema (swelling) Long term: paralysis (from point of cut down) and/or anesthesia (lack of feeling or sensory from point down), partial paralysis (if cut is partial), or partial anesthesia |
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What happens if you pinch a nerve?
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You pinched a dorsal root.
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