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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st generation anti-psychotics a.k.a.
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typical
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typical antipsychotics tx
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schizophrenia: positive symptoms
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Typical antipsychotics mech
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block dopamine system
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typical antipsychotics side-effect
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parkinsonia:, tremors, rigidity, dystonia, and dyskinesia
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2nd generation anti-psychotics a.k.a.
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atypical
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atypical antipsychotics tx
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schizophrenia: positive and negative symptoms
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atypical antipsychotics side effect
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obesity, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes
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atypical antipsychotics dopamine hypothesis
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something wrong with receptors: there are more of them or it is a second messenger issue
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atypical antipsychotics glutamate hypothesis
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activated too much
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PCP
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block NMDA receptors, glutamte hypothesis based on side effects
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Ketamine
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pediatric anesthetic, NMDA antagonist, can induce psychosis
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Methylphenidate
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ADHD: enhances activity of hypoactive brain regions, frontal-striatal
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Methylphenidate a.k.a
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ritalin
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Methylphenidate mech
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block DA reuptake
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Cocaine and ADHD
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same mechanism as Methylphenidate, drug addicts can not tell difference, but does not treat.
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ECT
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Depression: Electoconvulsive therapy, most effective tx for depression
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ECT mech
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causes neurogenesis in hippocampus
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MAOi
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Depression: inhibit breakdown of DA and NE
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SSRi
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Depression: inhibit reuptake of 5-HT
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SSRi drug name
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Depression: Prozac
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Duloxetine
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Depression: block reuptake of 5-HT and NE
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Valproic acid
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Depression: anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing (bipolar), acts on GABA and voltage gate NA channels. also tx migraines and schizophrenia
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Symbyax
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Depression: Fluoxetine and olanzapine, Olanzapin tx manic state and Fluoxetine is an SSRi
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Lithium ions
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Depression: tx bipolar disorder
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Lithium mech
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Depression: depletion of inositol by inosilt-monophosphatase
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Valproate
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Depression: anticonvulsant and bipolar disorder
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Carbamazepine
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Depression: anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It is also used to treat ADD, ADHD, schizophrenia, Phantom limb syndrome. acts on oltage gates NA channels
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Lamotrigine
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Depression: anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer. proposed effect on Na channels
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Off-label tx
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a drug apporved by FDA but not for this purpose
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Off label example
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etanercept and Alzheimer's
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Sulpiride
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GTS: block D2 receptors
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Clozapine
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GTS: an atypical antipsychotic
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Clonidine
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GTS: blocks alpha2 NE
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Ceftraixone
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GTS: antibiotics, target positive gram bacteria
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Huntingons tx regiment
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Treat the symptoms: sedative, neuroleptics, antidepressante
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Valproate
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Epilepsy: enhance GABA transmission, increase inhibition
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Felbamate
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Epilepsy: block glu receptors, NMDA, reduce excitation
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Torpiramate
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Epilepsy: block glu receptors, NMDA, reduce excitation
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Lamotrigine
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Epilepsy: block glu receptors, NMDA, reduce excitation
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tiagabine
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Epilepsy: enhance GABA transmission, increase inhibition
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Carbamazepine
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epilepsy: block NA channels reduce frequency they open
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Zonisamide
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epilepsy: block Na channels, reduce frequency they open
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Clozapine
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schizophrenia: atypical
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Olanzapine
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schizophrenia: atypical
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Clorpromazine
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schizophrenia: typical
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Haloperidol
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schizophrenia: typical
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perphenazine
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schizophrenia: typical
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Ampethomine
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ADHD: increase DA, NE, and 5-HT levels
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Cocaine
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blocks reuptake of 5-HT, NE, and DA
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Prozac mech,
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SSRi and induce neurogensis
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Light therapy
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get biological clock on track
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Light therapy treat
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SAD and other mood disorders
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