Neuropharm Test 2

Front 1

NE and EPI receptors

Back 1

α1, α2, B

Hint 1

α1- Gq, PLC pathway

α2- Gi/o (ion channels, AC)

B- Gs (AC)

Front 2

α1 antagonist

Back 2

Prazosin

Hint 2

treats high BP, PTSD, anxiety

Front 3

α1 agonist

Back 3

Methoxamine

Hint 3

vasoconstriction, increases BP

Front 4

α2 agonist

Back 4

Guanfacine

Hint 4

hypertension and ADHD (PFC, LC)

Front 5

α2 antagonist

Back 5

Yohimbine

Hint 5

increases firing of LC neurons, helps with recall of memories in therapy sessions of PTSD patients

Front 6

B agonist

Back 6

Isoproterenol

Hint 6

to treat bradycardia

Front 7

B antagonist

Back 7

propanolol

Hint 7

to treat PTSD

Front 8

Ionotropic receptors for Ach

Back 8

nicotinic receptors

nAchR

Hint 8

neuromuscular junction
autonomic ganglia
adrenal medulla
CNS

Front 9

Metabotropic receptors for Ach

Back 9

muscarinic receptors

M1,3,5 (Gq, PLC)

M2,4 (Gi/o, M2 is autoreceptor, AC and acts to inhibit ion channels w/ Ca++ decrease due to GIRK K+ hyperpolarization)

Hint 9

located peripherally and throughout CNS

Front 10

AChE inhibitors used to treat...

Back 10

Alzheimer's

Front 11

Sarin, soman, tabun

Back 11

irreversible anticholinesterase compounds

Front 12

curare

Back 12

nictonic receptor antagonist (paralytic, NM junction)

Front 13

nicotine

Back 13

nicotinic receptor agonist

Hint 13

(smoking may decrease Alzheimer's risk by agonist use preventing degeneration of ACh neurons)

Front 14

Belladonna

Back 14

muscarinic antagonist

Hint 14

pupil dilator (with high doses get cognitive impairment, delirium, tachycardia, autonomic symptoms)

Front 15

u receptors

Back 15

regions associated with descending analgesic pathways (PAG, RVM, amygdala, dorsal horn)

reward regions (VTA and nucleus accumbens)

dorsal striatum and LC

Hint 15

endogenous ligand: B-endorphin

-morphine-like opiate drugs

Front 16

6 receptors

Back 16

dorsal horn, other brain regions

Hint 16

enkephalins

Front 17

K receptors

Back 17

dorsal horn, dorsal striatum, nucleus accumbens, deep cortical layers, others

Hint 17

dynorphin

Front 18

opiod peptides made in what brain regions?

Back 18

hypothal, striatum, hippo, amygdala, pituitary gland, medulla, others

Front 19

opioid peptides

Back 19

all start with try-gly-gly

Hint 19

ex. enkephalins, dynorphins, neoendorphins

Front 20

neuropeptide packaging

Back 20

into LDCVs (large dense0core vesicles)

Front 21

neuropeptide release

Back 21

need more ca entry for a longer period of time (sustained activity)

need long term stimulation of presynaptic cell (longer relative to classical NTs)

Front 22

neuropeptide reuptake

Back 22

NO REUPTAKE!

Hint 22

destruction of excess neuropeptide by catabolic peptidases, then have inactive metabolites

Front 23

all opiate receptors are...

Back 23

receptor--Gi--AC-- (-)

Hint 23

u ex.

GABA (-) --VTA (+) -- NAcc

Front 24

opiates have long ranked among the most important drugs in the phramacopoeia because...

Back 24

primarly bcause of their potent analgesic properities, but also becaues of their antitussive and antidiarrheal effects

Front 25

Opiate examples

Back 25

Heroin, Oxycodone, Morphine, Fentanyl, Codeine, Hydrocodone, Vicoprofen

Front 26

Opium- poppy tears

Back 26

Morphine, Codeine, Heroin

Hint 26

Codeine - 3-methylmorphine
-Prodrug, metabolized to produce morphine,
produces 5-10%, less potent and less addictive

Heroin- diacetylmorphine
orally-extensive 1st pass metabolism, prodrug for morphine

injected-avoids first pass metabolism, rapidly crosses BBB because of acetyl groups, metabolized to 6-MAM and 3-MAM and quicker acting and more addictive