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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the features of type 1 muscle fibers?
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- red
- lots of mitochondria - slow twitch - high oxidative - low glucose, high lipids |
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what are the features of type 2 muscle fibers?
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- white
- few mitochondria - fast twitch - low oxidative - high glucose, low lipids |
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what are the 2 types of muscle diseases?
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- myopathic
- neurogenic |
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what is the inheritance pattern of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? does this tell you anything about the disease?
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- X linked recessive
- it will only affect males |
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what is the defect in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
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dystrophin is absent
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describe the clinical progression of Duchenne's?
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progressive weakness of the pelvic and shoulder girdles beginning at 5 y/o, leading to wheel chair use by about 12 y/o, and death around 20 y/o
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what is one physical finding that is associated with Duchenne's besides muscle weakness?
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calf muscle hypertrophy
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What is the inheritance pattern of Becker's muscular dystrophy?
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X linked recessive so it will only affect males
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which is worse: becker's or duchenne's?
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duchenne's
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what is the defect in becker's muscular dystrophy?
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dystrophin is present in low amounts or is abnormal in structure
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what is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults?
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myotonic
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what is the chromosome involved in myotonic muscular dystrophy?
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- chromosome 19
- CTG repeats - autosomal dominant |
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patient has muscle weakness and wasting and myotonia. she also has cataracts, frontal balding, and a heart block. muscle biopsy shows atrophy of type 1 fibers. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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myotonic muscular dystrophy
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an adult presents to your office with progressive proximal muscle weakness that is symmetric. muscle biopsy shows CD8+ lymphocytes. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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polymyositis
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what myositis is associated with beta amyloid and tau protein?
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inclusion body myositis
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patient presents to your office with a malar rash and complians of difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). you notice that the patient cannot take deep breaths. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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dermatomyositis (rashes, dysphagia, lung and heart problems)
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which disease is caused by a deficiency in acid maltase and the muscle cells store glycogen in lysosomes?
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Pompe disease (glycogenosis type II)
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which disease is caused by a deficiency in myophosphorylase and the muscle store glycogen in the cytoplasm?
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McArdle disease (glycogenosis type IV)
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in which myopathy will you see destruction of type 2 fibers only?
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steriod myopathy
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T or F: statins never cause myopathies.
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false; all statins may cause myopathies
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