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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NEURON
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NERVE CELLS; BASIC UNIT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
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SOMA
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CELL BODY, STORES ENERGY FOR CELL
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DENDRITE
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RECEIVES MESSAGES FROM OTHER NEURONS AND CONDUCTS THE MESSAGES TOWARD THE SOMA
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AXON
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SENDS MESSAGES TO OTHER NEURONS
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TERMINAL BRANCHES (AXON TERMINALS)
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end of axon that contains neurotransmitters
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Myelin sheath
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helps increase the speed at which information can travel on the neurons. If you could look at a neuron you would see the sheath covering the axon of the neuron in a way that looks like a row of sausage links.
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gilal cell
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creates myelin, supports and guides neurons and helps repair neurons
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synapse
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small gap between neurons where information is exchanged
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synaptic vesicles
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places were NT's are stored until release into the synapse
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Neurotransmitters
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chemicals that stimulate neurons so they can communicate
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excitatory
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makes neurons more likely to fire
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inhibitory
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makes neurons less likely to fire
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excitation threshold
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the voltage difference necessary to destabilize a neuron, causing an action potential to occur
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action potential (nerve impulse)
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the brief change in electrical charge that destabilizes a neuron. the action potential stimulates the axon terminals, restarting the process
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