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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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1.In adults, hypotonia is a cause of what?
2.In babies? |
1.LMN
2.LMN + UMN |
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Hypotonia of a baby, without significant weakness of extremities signifies what problem?
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UMN
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What intrauterine infection must the mom avoid when pregnant? This virus gives the mom cold/flu symptoms, while the fetus is devastated; gets cerebral palsy and/or stroke-like symptoms, and developmental delays.
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Toxoplasmosis
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If mother has hemolytic strep, baby will be infected as exits birth canal with what?
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B-hemolytic strep
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Too much of what molecule deposits in the basal ganglia and causes kernicterus and baby develops athetoid cerebral palsy, causing choreiform movements and mental impairment
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Bilirubin
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Medications or anesthetics given to the mother could be what?
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Iatrogenic-causing baby to be sluggish at birth
(Allow baby time to clear toxins and baby should be normal) |
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What syndrome?
1.agenesis of corpus callosum 2.microphthalmia 3.coloboma 4.infantile spasms 5.poor prognosis |
Aicardi Syndrome
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What syndrome?
1.failure of the developmental migration of the cells to the surface of the cerebral cortex 2.if child has signs of an UMN defect get an EEG and MRI 3.MRI-see smooth surface, no demarcation of gray and white matter and sulci convolutions |
Lissencephaly
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Cells of cerebral cortex don't "listen" to what they are supposed to do!
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What syndrome?
1.Abnormal slits/clefts in the cerebral hemispheres |
Schizencephaly
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Think scissors!
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What syndrome?
1.Enlargement of the 4th ventricle 2.Partial or complete absence of the cerebellar vermis & cyst formation near the internal base of the skull |
Dandy Walker Syndrome
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"W" for enlargement of 4th ventricle.
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What syndrome?
1.Hypotonia 2.Hypoglycemia 3.Later obesity |
Prader-Willi
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Think of a fat baby named Prader-Willi
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1.What lesions initially present cognitive signs and later motor signs?
2.What lesions initially present motor signs and later cognitive signs? |
1.Gray matter lesions
2.White matter lesions |
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Long chain fatty acid disorders are known as what type of disorders?
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Peroxisomal disorders
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Can't oxidize the fatty chains
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In what peroxismal disorder does the child lack normal myelin resulting in visual impairment, hearing impairment, developmental delays?
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Adrenoleukodystrophy (ADL)
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Name syndrome:
1.Storage Disease 2.No post-natal acquired reflexes 3.Baby can sit/turn over/stand but not walk 4.Bright red color macula 5.Macrocephaly 6.Enzyme deficiency of hexaminidase A |
Tay Sach's
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Name syndrome:
1.Storage disease affects central and peripheral nerves. 2.Shows UMN and LMN signs (peripheral neuropathy) 3.Decreased tone and DTRs, nerve conductino prolonged 4.Baby lacks facial expression (not alert) |
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD)
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Identify:
1.Excess storage in brain and peripheral nervous sysem 2.Large liver and brain due to storage 3.Storage in brain increased |
1.MLD
2.Gaucher's 3.Tay-Sach's |
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What type of disorder is Leigh's Encephalopathy?
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Mitochondrial Disorder.
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Name disorder:
1.baby shows poor feeding, sluggish, weak cry 2.abnormal increase in pyruvate and lactate |
Leigh's Encephalopathy
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Perinatal trauma, congential syrinx, and hypoxia all cause what disorders of the spine?
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Myelopathy
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Hypotonia with significant weakness indicates an UMN or a LMN lesion?
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LMN lesion
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In what illness does the mother pass her antibodies to her baby? The baby is hypotonic, but produces its own Abs after 2-3 weeks and will be normal
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Myasthenia Gravis
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What syndrome?
1.Limb weakness 2.Ocular involvment |
Congential Neuromuscular Disorder
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Older babies with hypotonia and fixed pupils get this illness from the ground via spores getting into fingers and into their mouths.
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Botulism
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Response to repetitive stimulation on EEG: ID's disorder of NMJ
1.Eaton Lambert response: increased response to repetitive stimulation 2.Weaker and weaker response to repetitive stimulation 3.Same respsone to repetitive stimulation |
1.Botulism
2.Myasthenia 3.Average person |
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