Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Non depolarizing |
They are benzyl-Isochinoline compounds. dTubocurarine,atracurium,doxacuriun,mivacurium,pancuronium,pipecuronium,vecuronium,Rocuronium,Gallamine. Curare: mixture of plant substances used as an arrow poison. Unwanted effects:Partial ggl blockade,histamine release,M2 rec. block,recurarization. Pharmacokinetics: I.v injection,don't pass BBB. Metabolised in the liver,renal excretion, plasma(Hoffmann elimination). Interactions:increased effect in: general anaesthetics, aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,quinidine, myesthenia gravis. Decreased effect in: Cholinesterase inhibitors, nicotinic rec. upregulation in the extrajunctional sacrolemma(burn injury,upper motor neuron lesion). |
|
|
depolarizing |
suxamethonium:fast onset short lived depolarizing muscle relaxant(5-10min).Hydrophilic,given I.V,Hydrolysed in plasma by pseudocholinesterase. Its effect is prolonged by genetically determined cholinesterase drficiency,liver damage,silmutanous use of drugs that are metabolised by pseudocholinesterase.used in surgeries and ECT Unwanted effect:muscle pain, increaded intragastric pressure, elevation of intraocular pressure,bradycardia,hypokalemia, malignant hyperthermia. |
|
|
dTubocurarine |
slow onset long acting NM. Excretion: kidney & liver(80-120min) SE:hypotension and bronchiospasm from ggl block and histamine release. |
|
|
Atracurium |
Intermediate onset nd duratn quatenary amine.Spontaneous breakdown of drug in plasma.Widely used. Excretion: plasma (30-60min) by Hoffmann elimination. |
|
|
Doxacurium |
Long acting similar to atracurium but stable in plasma. Excretion:kidney(90-120min) |
|
|
Mivacurium |
Fast acting short duratn similar to atracurium but degraded by plasma cholinesterase. Excretion:pseudocholinesterase(10-20min) |
|
|
Pancuronium |
Intermediate onset long lasting quatenary amine.Steroid derived.Causes tachycardia but not hypertension therefore has a better side effect. selective M2 rec. antagonist Excretion:Kidney (120-180min),
|
|
|
Pipecuronium |
similar to pancuronium. Excretion:kidney+ liver(80-100min) |
|
|
vecuronium |
quaternary amine of intermediate duratn and onset which is widely used w/ very lil SE. Excretion:liver (60-90min) |
|
|
Rocuronium |
similar to vercuronium but w/ a faster onset. Can be used instead of suxamethonium Excretion: liver+ kidney(30-60min), very fast onset (1-2) |
|
|
Gallamine |
Competitive inhib of Ach.Slective M2 inhibitor. SE:hypertension and tachycardia Excretion: Kidney (60-120min) |
|
|
Prejunctional acting agents |
Inhibitors of Ach synthesis: hemicholinum,triethylcholine. Inhibitors of Ach storage:vesamicol. Inhibitors of Ach release: aminoglycosides,Mg2+ ions. Botilinum toxin: causes blepherospasm,strabism,spasticity. Also used for hyperhidrosis, overactive bladder |
|
|
Post junctional acting muscle relaxant |
Non depolarizing:competitive antagonists of nicotinic rec. Depolarizing:long acting nicotinic rec. agonist. |
