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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemicals released from this part of the neuron allowing it to communicate with another cell
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bouton
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which of the following is a collection of neurons forming a laminar structure on the surface of the cerebrum
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cortex
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spinal cord ends at what vertebral level?
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L1-L2
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postganglionic sympathetic fibers enter spinal nerves via which of the following?
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gray ramus communicans (how it gets back)
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postganglionic sympathetic fibers enter spinal nerves via which of the following?
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gray ramus communicans (how it gets back)
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Loss of function CN1 olfactory
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loss of taste and smell
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Loss of function, CN2 Optic
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loss of vision
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Loss of function, CN3 Oculomotor
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droopy eyelid, can't focus eyes
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Loss of function, CN 4 Trochlear
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can't depress eye, or twist it in and out.
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Loss of function, CN 5 Trigeminal
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numbness in face, can't bite correctly
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Loss of function, CN 6 abducens
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double vision due to medial deviation... most common injured CN cuz it has the longest intercranial pathway
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Loss of function, CN 7 Facial
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Facial hemiparalysis, hyperacusis(can't dampen hearing),
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Loss of function, CN 8 Vestibulocochlear
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hearing disturbances, dizziness and vertigo
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Loss of function, CN 9 glossopharyngeal
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decreased salivary secretion, pain swallowing, unilateral lesions don't affect reflex appreciability, decreases taste to posterior 1/3 of the tongue
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Loss of function, CN 10 vagus
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hoarsness, difficulty swallowing, drooping pharyngeal arches on both sides. unilateral lesions of the thoracic and abdominal viscera not very noticeable due to overlapping right and left side innervation. disrupts sensory limb of cough reflex.
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Loss of function, CN 11 Spinal Accessory
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can't raise shoulders(trapezius), can't turn head opposite side and down(scm)
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Loss of function, CN 12 Hypoglossal
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disrupt tongue movements, speech, mastication process
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Tumor/Hemorrhage--in dural compartments
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Expanding mass can push contents between compartments and damage the brain or cranial nerves form pressure on the septa.
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Lesions in the occiptotemporal gyri
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inability to recognize people and faces.
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Lesions of the internal capsule of the white matter
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small lesions in this area can cause broad motor and sensory deficits. contains medial lemniscus, corticospinal tract adn anterolateral system.
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lesion of the substantia nigra
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degradation of dopamine- results in parkinsons disease.
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disturbances in basal ganglia
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abnormal involuntary movement that can be a tremor or parkinsons disease or violent flinging movements(hemiballismus)
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If there is a complete lesion of right optic nerve, the pt will not be able to see
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with the right eye.
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