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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neurology
definition... |
Neurology is the healthcare specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat nervous system diseases
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Central and Peripheral Nervous System
what do each consist of? |
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the cranial nerves and the spinal nerves |
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Autonomic Nervous System
2 major divisions... |
Parasympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system |
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Autonomic Nervous System
Parasympathetic nervous system main functions? |
Active while the body is sleeping
Raises or lowers heart rate Changes the diameter of the pupils Produces peristalsis Stimulates salivary glands Prepares the body for sexual activity |
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Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic nervous system main functions? |
Active when the body is confronted with danger or during times of stress or anxiety
Prepares the body for “fight or flight” dilates the pupils to visualize danger Raises the heart rate Raises blood pressure |
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Brain conditions
Amnesia: |
partial or total loss of memory of recent or remote past experience
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Brain conditions
Anencephaly |
rare congenital condition in which some or all of the cranium and cerebrum are missing in a newborn
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Brain conditions
Aphasia |
loss of the ability to communicate verbally or in writing
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Brain conditions
Dysphasia |
abnormal speech or communication
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Brain conditions
Cephalalgia |
pain in the head or headache
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Brain conditions
Cerebral palsy (CP) |
caused by a lack of oxygen to parts of the baby’s brain during birth
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Brain conditions
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA |
disruption or blockage of blood flow to the brain, which causes tissue death and an area of necrosis known as an infarct
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Brain conditions
Hematoma |
localized collection of blood that forms in the tissue because of the rupture of an artery or vei
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Spinal Cord conditions
Neural tube defect ( spina bifida)- |
congenital abnormality of the neural tube
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Spinal Cord conditions
Meningocele |
hernia of meninges
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Spinal Cord conditions
Meningomyelocele |
hernia of meninges and spinal cord
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Radiculopathy – (spinal nerve root/disease)
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acute or chronic condition that occurs when the herniated contents of an intervertebral disc press on adjacent spinal nerve roots
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Spinal cord injury (SCI)
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trauma to the spinal cord with a partial or complete transection of the cord
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Nerve conditions
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
chronic, progressive disease of the motor nerves of the spinal cord
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Nerve conditions
Anesthesia |
condition in which sensation of any type, including touch, pressure, proprioception, or pain, has been completely lost
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Nerve Conditions
Bell’s palsy |
- weakness, drooping, or actual paralysis of one side of the face because of inflammation of the facial nerve
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Nerve Conditions
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
- chronic condition with tingling in the hand
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Nerve Conditions
Guillain-Barre’s syndrome |
autoimmune disorder in which the body makes antibodies against myelin
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Nerve Conditions
Hyperesthesia |
condition in which there is an abnormally heightened awareness and sensitivity to touch and increased response to painful stimuli
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Nerve Conditions
Multiple sclerosis (MS) |
- chronic, progressive, degenerative autoimmune disease in which the body makes antibodies against myelin
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Nerve Conditions
Neuralgia |
pain along the path of a nerve and its nerve branches caused by an injury to the nerve
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Nerve Conditions
Neuritis |
inflammation or infection of a nerve
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Nerve Conditions
Neuroma |
- benign tumor of a nerve or any of the specialized cells of the nervous system
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Nerve Conditions
Neuropathy |
- general category for any type of disease or injury to a nerve
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Nerve Conditions
Paresthesia |
condition in which abnormal sensations like tingling, burning, or pinpricks are felt on the skin
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