Neurologic System

Front 1

What is the test where you hand the patient a familiar object (key, coin, etc) to identify by touch and manipulation

Back 1

stereognosis

Front 2

with a blunt pen or stick draw a letter or number of the palm of the patients hand and ask them to identify the figure. the name of this test is:

Back 2

graphesthesia

Front 3

an abnormal sensation of burning, tingling, prickling, etc is called

Back 3

paresthesia

Front 4

no feeling is called

Back 4

anaesthesia

Front 5

if you have abnormal pain/sensitivity

Back 5

hyperesthesia

Front 6

what are superficial reflexes?

Back 6

reflexes like stroking the skin on the abdomen and the navel pulls toward that direction.

Front 7

what 2 systems make of the neurological system?

Back 7

peripheral and central

Front 8

what 2 components make up the CNS?

Back 8

brain and spinal cord

Front 9

what 2 components make up the peripheral system?

Back 9

cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Front 10

are motor neurons efferent or afferent?

Back 10

efferent. They exit the brain from CNS to muscles, organs and glands.

Front 11

are sensory neurons efferent or afferent?

Back 11

afferent. They approach the brain from the receptors to the CNS. (ex pain, touch, temp)

Front 12

Name some of the many things that the brain is responsible for.

Back 12

language, perception, muscle tone, movement, personality, intellectual functin, motor and sensory function, and the senses

Front 13

what do the spinal cord and PNS do?

Back 13

carry motor and sensory impulses

Front 14

what are the 3 major units of the brain?

Back 14

cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem

Front 15

Name the four lobes the cerebrum is divided into.

Back 15

frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal.

Front 16

which lobe is associated with voluntary skeletal movement and fine repetitive motor movements, as well as the control of eye movements?

Back 16

frontal

Front 17

what lobe is responsible for processing sensory data as it is received? (ie temp, pressure, pain, size, shape, texture)

Back 17

parietal

Front 18

what lobe contains the primary vision center and provides interpretation of visual data?

Back 18

occipital

Front 19

what lobe is responsible for the perception and interpretation of sound?

Back 19

temporal

Front 20

what lobe is involved in the integration of taste, smell, and balance?

Back 20

temporal

Front 21

if you were doing the 2 point discrimination what lobe are you testing?

Back 21

parietal

Front 22

peripheral nerves that arise from the brain rather than the spinal cord.

Back 22

cranial nerves

Front 23

how many pairs of spinal nerves do we have?

Back 23

31

Front 24

True or false. The examination of the neurologic system begins when the patient enters the room.

Back 24

true. When the patient enters the room and you offer some suggestion as where he or she might sit, the patient's response tells you a good deal about their functioning.

Front 25

True or false. Information from the musculoskeletal system examination helps determine the neurologic examination.

Back 25

True. The systems are interdependent.

Front 26

True or false. Ordinarily taste and smell are not evaluated unless a problem is suspected.

Back 26

true

Front 27

When the patient enters the room, what are some of the things we should be noting?

Back 27

their facial expression, tone of voice, their level of consciousness, mood (their general behavior)

Front 28

Cognition looks at the level of abstract thought. What are some of the things we might do to test their cognition?

Back 28

orientation (ask them the date, where they are, who they are, why they are here) Check their attn span (tell them some #'s ask them 5 min later)

Front 29

When testing cognitive function what are the 3 different levels of memory? (provide an example)

Back 29

Immediate-repeat these #'s back to me
Recent-What did you have for bfast today
remote-what year was WW2?

Front 30

When testing their intellectual function what are some of the things you might do?

Back 30

abstraction ability (sayings), mini mental status exam, ability to read, general knowledge, insight and judgment (give them a scenario and ask them what they would do)

Front 31

To test proprioception and cerebellar function, what are some of the things you might do? (for example, finger to nose)

Back 31

finger to nose, finger nose finger, rapid alternating movements (palms on legs), heel to shin, Romberg test, Coordination, thumb to ea finger

Front 32

Are the patients eyes open or closed for the finger to nose test? what about for the finger nose finger test?

Back 32

finger to nose=eyes closed (remember they are using both arms and they are out to the sides) finger nose finger test=eyes open, because you are moving your finger around so they need to see where you finger is

Front 33

What is the Romberg test?

Back 33

The patient stands, feet hip width apart, for 15 sec w/ eyes shut, then push the patients shoulders and if they lose balance they should recover quickly.

Front 34

When testing coordination, how long should the patient be able to balance on each foot?

Back 34

5 sec. The pt should also be able to hop on one foot for 5 sec

Front 35

CN 1 test

Back 35

olfactory-smell. eyes closed, 1 nare occluded, identify odor

Front 36

True or false. the sense of smell may be interfered because of smoking, inflammation, rhinits, and age

Back 36

true.

Front 37

CN 2

Back 37

optic(-visual acuity. test vision with snellen and rosembaum charts)

Front 38

CN 3

Back 38

oculomotor-pupil refex, up/down medial movement

Front 39

CN 4

Back 39

trochlear-up/down medial movement

Front 40

CN 5 tests

Back 40

Trigeminal-palpate jaw. with pts eyes closed, touch ea side of face at (6 pts) scalp, chin, and cheeks w/ a sharp and dull object. they should be able to identify the dif. Also you can use test tubes with hot and cold water to test temp sensitivity. cotton wisp for cornea

Front 41

CN 6

Back 41

abducens-lateral eye movement

Front 42

CN 7 tests

Back 42

facial. raise eyebrows, smile,puff cheeks, purse lips, show teeth, scrunch eyes.

Front 43

when identifying taste what is the method and what cranial nerves are you testing?

Back 43

CN 7 (facial) and 9 (glossopharyngeal). apply one sol'n at a time to lateral sides of the tougne in appropriate taste bud region. pt should be able to identify ea taste bilaterally

Front 44

CN 8

Back 44

acoustic-Rinne and Weber

Front 45

CN 9

Back 45

glossopharyngeal. gag reflex

Front 46

CN 10

Back 46

vagus- say AH

Front 47

CN 11

Back 47

spinal accessory-shrug shoulders, turn head

Front 48

CN 12

Back 48

hypoglossal-protrude tougne, push it against cheek

Front 49

When testing light touch sensation what do you do?

Back 49

contact skin with cotton wisp and they tell you when they feel it/where

Front 50

what do you do to assess pain sensation?

Back 50

contact skin with pin they say "sharp or dull"

Front 51

True or false. For sensory function, you only assess temperature sensation if there is decreased pain.

Back 51

True.

Front 52

What do you do to test vibration sensation?

Back 52

apply tuning fork to wrists, ankles, elbows and knees, tell when it starts and stops

Front 53

When testing joints, how should you hold them?

Back 53

laterally

Front 54

what tests assesses the ability to sense whether one or two areas are being stimulated by pressure?

Back 54

2 point discrimination

Front 55

What are the minimal distances that a person should have for the 2 point discrimination?

Back 55

fingertips 2.8 mm
palms 8-12mm
back 40-70mm

Front 56

when documenting deep tendon reflexes what is the scale?

Back 56

0-4+, 2+ is normal
0 is no response

Front 57

bicep refex:

Back 57

flexed elbow, thumb over bicep tendon, strike own thumb

Front 58

what should you see for bicep reflex?

Back 58

(arm is supine) you should see flexion of arm at elbow

Front 59

what spinal nerves are you assessing for bicep reflex?

Back 59

5 and 6

Front 60

Tricep reflex:

Back 60

flexed elbow, tap tricep tendon

Front 61

what do you expect to see with tricep reflex?

Back 61

extension of elbow

Front 62

what spinal nerves are u assessing w/ tricep reflex?

Back 62

6,7,8

Front 63

brachioradialis reflex:

Back 63

arm relaxed. strike styloid process of radius while palpating tendon 3-5cm above wrist

Front 64

what should u see with brachioradialis reflex?

Back 64

flexion of elbow, pronation of forearm, fingers flex

Front 65

Patellar reflex

Back 65

relax leg, strike tendon below patella

Front 66

what spinal nerves are assoc. with brachioradialis reflex?

Back 66

5, 6

Front 67

achilles reflex

Back 67

hold foot dorsiflexed, strike achilles

Front 68

what should happen with achilles reflex?

Back 68

plantar flexion of foot

Front 69

stimulus to lateral border of sole, hell, ball, great toe

Back 69

babinksi reflex

Front 70

what should u see with babinski reflex?

Back 70

flexion of toes

Front 71

stroke lateral border of rectus abdominus toward midline

Back 71

abdominal reflex

Front 72

what should happen with the abdominal reflex?

Back 72

contraction of the abdomonis muscle

Front 73

sharp object to male inner thigh

Back 73

cremasteric reflex

Front 74

what happens with cremasteric reflex?

Back 74

retraction of scrotum

Front 75

stimulate perianal area

Back 75

gluteal reflex

Front 76

what should happen with the gluteal reflex?

Back 76

contraction of anal sphincter

Front 77

for a reflex to work you need 5 things:

Back 77

motor efferent nerves, sensory afferent nerves, intact spinal cord, competent muscle, and a neural muscular junction