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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an absence seizure?
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A seizure that is characterized by a brief lapse of attention during which the patient stares and does not respond. A petit mal seizure.
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What is aphasia?
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The inability to produce or understand speech.
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What is an arterial rupture?
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The rupture of a cerebral artery that may contribute to the interuption of cerebral blood flow.
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What is an aura?
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A sensation experience prior to a seizure. Serves as a warning sign that a seizure is about to occur.
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What is a cerebral embolism?
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The obstruction of a cerebral artery by a clot that formed elsewhere, broke off, and traveled to the brain.
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What is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?
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A generic term for the interruption of blood flow to the brain that results in loss of brain function.
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What is a coup-contrecoup brain injury?
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Injury to the brain on the side opposite the original point of impact. Caused when the brain forcefully impacts the other side of the skull.
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What is dysarthria?
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The inability to pronounce speech clearly. Often due to the loss of the nerve and/or brain cells that control the small muscles of the larynx.
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What is expressive aphasia?
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A speech disorder in which a patient can understand what is being said but can not produce the right sounds in order to speak correctly.
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What are febrile seizures?
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Convulsions that result from sudden, high fevers, particularly in children.
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What is a generalized seizure?
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A seizure characterized by severe twitching of all of the body's muscles that may last several minutes or more. A grand mal seizure,
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What is hemi paresis
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Weakness on one side of the body.
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What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
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One of the two primary types of stroke. Occurs as a result of bleeding inside the brain.
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What is hypoglycemia?
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Low blood glucose levels.
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What are infarcted cells?
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Cells that die as a result of loss of blood flow.
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What is ischemia?
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A lack of oxygen in the brain cells that causes them to not function properly.
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What is an ischemic stroke?
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One of the two primary types of stroke. Occurs when a clot obstructs the flow of blood in the brain.
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What is postictal state?
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A period post seizure lasting from 5 to 30 minutes during which the patients breathing may be labored and there may be some degree of altered mental status.
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What is receptive aphsia?
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A speech disorder in which a person can speak clearly but has difficulty understanding speech.
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What is status epilepticus?
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A condition in which seizures recur every few minutes or last more than 30 minutes.
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What is thrombosis?
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Clotting of the cerebral arteries that may result in the interruption of cerebral blood flow and subsequent stroke.
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What is tonic-clonic?
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A type of seizure characterized by rhythmic back and forth movement of a body extremity and body stiffness.
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What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
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A disorder of the brain in which brain cells temporarily stop working due to insufficient oxygen. Causes stroke like symptoms that resolve completely within 24 hours of onset.
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What are the three primary mechanisms by which cerebral blood flow may be interrupted?
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1. Thrombosis
2. Arterial rupture 3. Cerebral embolism |
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What is a common symptom of hemorrhagic stroke?
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A sudden, severe headache.
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Slurred speech indicates damage to which side of the brain?
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Right. This is due to lost muscle control in the larynx.
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Difficulties with speech having to due with comprehension and the ability to articulate appropriate responses indicates damage to which side of the brain?
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Left. This is due to damage to the brain's speech center which is the left hemisphere.
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What three physical test should you always perform if you suspect a stroke?
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1. Speech
2. Facial movement 3 Arm movement |
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What are four causes of seizures?
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1. Congenital (epilepsy)
2. Structural - tumors, scar tissue, abscesses. 3. Metabolic - diabetes, poison, drugs 4. Febrile - high fevers |
