Neurologic Assessment

Front 1

afferent means:

Back 1

sensory

Front 2

efferent means:

Back 2

messages

Front 3

personality, behavior, emotions, and intellectual function

Back 3

frontal lobe

Front 4

initiates voluntary movement

Back 4

precentral gyrus

Front 5

primary center for sensation

Back 5

parietal lobe

Front 6

visual receptor center

Back 6

occipital

Front 7

auditory reception center

Back 7

temporal

Front 8

language comprehension, when injured, receptive aphasia results, the person hears sound but it has no meaning

Back 8

wernicke's area

Front 9

mediates motor speech, when injured, expressive aphasia results; the person cannot talk

Back 9

broca's area

Front 10

transmit the sensations of pain, temperature, and crude or light touch

Back 10

Spinothalamic Tract

Front 11

conduct the sensations of position, vibration, and localized touch

Back 11

Posterior (dorsal) Columns

Front 12

mediate voluntary movement, particularly very skilled, discrete, purposeful movements, such as writing

Back 12

corticospinal fibers

Front 13

control automatic associated movements of the body

Back 13

basal ganglia

Front 14

main relay station for the nervous system

Back 14

thalamus

Front 15

major control center: temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure control, sleep center, anterior and posterior pituitary gland regulator

Back 15

hypothalamus

Front 16

motor coordination of voluntary movements, equilibrium, and muscle tone

Back 16

cerebellum

Front 17

"higher" motor system. promotes very skilled and purposeful movements

Back 17

corticospinal tract

Front 18

"lower" motor system. maintain muscle tone and control body movements

Back 18

extrapyramidal tracts

Front 19

coordinates movement, maintains equilibrium, and helps maintain posture

Back 19

cerebellar system

Front 20

upper motor neurons are located where?

Back 20

central nervous system

Front 21

Lower motor neurons are located where?

Back 21

peripheral nervous system

Front 22

any movement must be translated into action by?

Back 22

lower motor neuron fibers

Front 23

examples of lower motor neurons:

Back 23

cranial and spinal nerves of the peripheral nervous system

Front 24

examples of lower motor neuron diseases

Back 24

spinal cord lesions, poliomyelitis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Front 25

examples of upper motor neuron diseases

Back 25

cerebrovascular accident, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis

Front 26

these cranial nerves extend from the lower diencephalon and the brain stem

Back 26

III and XII

Front 27

these cranial nerves extend from the cerebrum

Back 27

I and II

Front 28

this is the only nerve that does not supply the head and neck

Back 28

vagus nerve

Front 29

the vagus nerve travels to where?

Back 29

heart, respiratory muscles, stomach, and gallbladder

Front 30

olfactory nerve

Back 30

smell

Front 31

optic nerve (II)

Back 31

vision

Front 32

opening of eyelids, pupil constriction, lens shape

Back 32

oculomotor (III)

Front 33

controls down and inward eye movement

Back 33

Trochlear (IV)

Front 34

muscles of mastication, sensation of face and scalp, cornea, mucous membranes of mouth and nose

Back 34

Trigeminal (V)

Front 35

controls lateral movement of eye

Back 35

abducens (VI)

Front 36

facial muscles,cose eye, labial speech close mouth, taste on anterior two thirds of tongue, saliva and tear secretion

Back 36

facial (VII)

Front 37

hearing and equilibrium

Back 37

acoustic (VIII)

Front 38

pharynx (phonation and swallowing) taste gag reflex, parotid gland, carotid refles

Back 38

glossopharyngeal (IX)

Front 39

pharynx and larynx (talking and swallowing) general sensation from carotid body, carotid sinus, pharynx, viscera, carotid reflex

Back 39

Vagus (X)

Front 40

movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscles

Back 40

Spinal (XI)

Front 41

movement of tongue

Back 41

hypoglossal (XII)

Front 42

(I)

Back 42

olfactory

Front 43

(II)

Back 43

Optic

Front 44

(III)

Back 44

oculomotor

Front 45

(IV)

Back 45

Trochlear

Front 46

(V)

Back 46

trigeminal

Front 47

(VI)

Back 47

abducents

Front 48

(VII)

Back 48

facial

Front 49

(VIII)

Back 49

acoustic

Front 50

(IX)

Back 50

glossopharyngeal

Front 51

(X)

Back 51

vagus

Front 52

(XI)

Back 52

spinal

Front 53

(XII)

Back 53

hypoglossal

Front 54

Sensory nerves

Back 54

olfactory, optic, acoustic

Front 55

motor nerves

Back 55

trochlear, abducens, spinal, hypoglossal

Front 56

mixed nerves

Back 56

oculomotor, trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

Front 57

dermatomes C6, C7, C8

Back 57

thumb, middle finger, and fifth finger

Front 58

dermatome T1

Back 58

axilla

Front 59

dermatome T4

Back 59

nipple

Front 60

dermatom T10

Back 60

umbillicus

Front 61

dermatome L1

Back 61

groin

Front 62

dermatome L4

Back 62

knee

Front 63

the somatic fibers innervate which muscles?

Back 63

skeletal (voluntary) muscles

Front 64

the autonomic fibers innervate which muscles?

Back 64

smooth (involuntary) muscles, cardiac muscles and glands

Front 65

sudden loss of strength, a temporary loss of consciousness due to lack of cerebral blood flow

Back 65

syncope

Front 66

rotational spinning caused by neurologic disease in the vestibular apparatus in the ear, or in the vestibular nuclei in the brain stem

Back 66

vertigo

Front 67

feel as if the room spins

Back 67

objective vertigo

Front 68

feels as if you are spinning

Back 68

subjective vertigo

Front 69

occur with epilepsy, a paroxysmal disease characterized by altered or loss of consciousness, involuntary muscle movements and sensory disturbances

Back 69

sizures

Front 70

subjective sensation that precedes a seizure; it could be auditory, visual, or motor

Back 70

aura

Front 71

partial or incomplete paralysis

Back 71

paresis

Front 72

loss of motor function due to a lesion in the neurologic or muscular system or loss of sensory innervation

Back 72

paralysis

Front 73

the inability to control rang of motion of muscles

Back 73

dysmetria

Front 74

an abnormal sensation, e.g. burning and tinglins

Back 74

paresthesia

Front 75

difficulty forming words

Back 75

dysarthria

Front 76

dysphasia

Back 76

difficulty with language comprehension or expression

Front 77

get up at night and feel faint

Back 77

micturition syncope

Front 78

senile tremor is relieved by what?

Back 78

alcohol

Front 79

decrease or loss of smell

Back 79

anosmia

Front 80

occurs bilaterally with tobacco smoking, allergy rhinitis, and cocaine use

Back 80

anosmia

Front 81

loss of smell in the absence of nasal disease

Back 81

unilateral loss

Front 82

what test do you use to test cranial nerve II

Back 82

confrontation test

Front 83

myasthenia gravis, dysfunction of cranial nerve III, or Horner's syndrome can cause what with the eye

Back 83

ptosis (drooping)

Front 84

increasing intracranial pressure can cause sudden ____?

Back 84

unilateral, dilated and nonreactive pupil

Front 85

disease of the vestibular system, cerebellum, or brain stem cause what in the eyes

Back 85

nystagmus

Front 86

what are you looking for with the corneal reflex test (piece of cotton to the cornea)

Back 86

a blink

Front 87

hoarse or brassy voice occurs with what dysfunction

Back 87

vocal cord

Front 88

nasal twang occurs with what

Back 88

weakness of soft palate

Front 89

what test is used to test hearing

Back 89

whispered voice test, Weber and Rinne tuning fork test

Front 90

ataxia that did not appear with regular gait may appear now

Back 90

with tandem walking

Front 91

inability to tandem walk is sensitive for hwat

Back 91

an upper motor neuron lesion such as multiple sclerosis and an acute cerebellar dysfunction such as alcohol intoxication

Front 92

what test proves leg muscle weakness

Back 92

romberg test

Front 93

what is a positive romberg test?

Back 93

loss of balance that occurs when closing the eyes

Front 94

a positive romberg test occurs with

Back 94

ataxia, loss of proprioception, and loss of vestibular function

Front 95

slow, clumsy and sloppy response with alternating movements and occurs with cerebellar disease

Back 95

dysdiadochokinesia

Front 96

an inability to control the range of movement on trying to touch an object with an index finger. occurs with cerebellar disease and alcohol intoxication

Back 96

dysmetria

Front 97

constant deviation to one side

Back 97

past-pointing