Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the three components of the neuronal cytoskeleton?
|
1)microfilaments
2)neurofilaments 3) microtubules |
|
|
What is the biggest/smallest of the neuronal cytoskeletal elements?
|
smallest - microfilaments
medium - neurofilaments biggest - microtubules |
|
|
What is the function of the microfilaments and neurofilaments?
|
provides shape and support for cell
|
|
|
What is the function of the microtubules?
|
facilitates intraellular transport
|
|
|
What are the microfilaments made of?
|
actin
|
|
|
What is the difference between microfilaments in neuronal cells vs microfilaments in other cells?
|
neurons - arranged in networks
other cells - form stress fibers/prominent bundles |
|
|
What are the locations of the microfilaments in neurons?
|
1)under PM at nodes of Ranvier and post synaptic densities
2)dendritic spines |
|
|
What regulates microfilament growth?
|
actin associated proteins and intracellular Ca levels
|
|
|
What is the relationship between plasticity and neurohistology?
|
dendritic spines can change shape and volume as well as retract and extend in response to synaptic activity which underlies learning and memory
|
|
|
What is a neurofilament?
|
a type of intermediate filament unique to neurons
|
|
|
What is the location of neurofilaments?
|
throughout the cell but more prevalent in axons
|
|
|
What is the function of the neurofilament?
|
provide stable support and regulate axon diameter
|
|
|
What is the the function of neurofilaments in development?
|
dominate in axons starting at myelination, contact with oligodendrocytes stimulates phosporylation
|
|
|
What is the effect of phosporylation on neurofilaments?
|
affects axonal diameter and neurofilament transport
|
|
|
What are the functions of microtubules?
|
provide pathways for intracellular transport
|
|
|
How are microtubules assembled and deassembled?
|
originate at microtubule organizing center MOTC
detach and are trnasported into axons and dendrites |
|
|
How are microtubule assembly and disassembly differ in axons and dendrites?
|
-in axons microtubules are oriented with plus end growing distally
-in dendrites microtubules are oriented in both directions |
|
|
What is anterograde transport used for?
|
neurotransmitter vesicles
vesicles for membrane insertion mitochondria |
|
|
Contrast anterograde xport with retrograde xport?
|
anterograde - away from body
retrograde - toward cell body |
|
|
What is retrograde xport used for?
|
1)recycled organelles
2) endocytic vesicles |
|
|
What are the two motor proteins and how do they do axonal transport?
|
-both are ATPase molecular motors
-kinesin does anterograde xport towards the + end -dyenin - does retrograde xport toward the - end |
|
|
What is the difference in excitatory vs inhibitory synapses in terms of their vesicles?
|
-excitatory - spherical
-inhibitory - oval |
|
|
What is the differences in excitatory vs inhibitory synapses in terms of their symmetry?
|
excitatory - assymetric, more conspicious post synaptic density
inhibitory - more symmetric - less conpicious post synpatic density |
|
|
What is the way in which electrical synapses work?
|
gap junctions between pre and post synaptic cell membranes allow current to flow passively through intracellular channels
|
|
|
What are the consequences of electrical synpases?
|
1)flow is bidirectly
2)flow is fast 3) synchronize electronic and even metabolic activity of these neurons |
