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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Environmental Causes of Alzheimers
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Elevated levels of:
mercury, aluminum, BMAA |
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Environmental Causes of Parkinson's Disease
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MPTP which leads to production of MPP+
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Oxidative Stress in Parkinson's
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High iron levels in SN
Peroxide produced by DA metabolism depletion of glutathione |
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Cardinal features of Parkinson's
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Bradykinesia
Muscle Rigidity Tremors Stooped Posture Cognitive Defects |
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Basal Ganglia & Parkinson's
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Decreased levels of DA lead to decreased stimulation of D1 pathway and decreased stimulation of D2 pathway.
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Parkinson's Treatments
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L-Dopa
Dopamine Agonists MAO Inhibitors COMT Inhibitors Muscarinic Antagonists Amantadine (shuts down stimulation by DA) |
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Levodopa Clinicial Efficacy
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Effective in reducing all symptoms of Parkinson's, especially bradykinesia
1/3 respond very well 1/3 show some improvement 1/3 can't tolerate/show no improvement |
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Levodopa Periphery Adverse Effects
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GI Effects
anorexia, vomitting, nausea CV cardiac arrhythmias |
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Levodopa Central Adverse Effects
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-Behavioral/Cognitive
Depression, anxiety, insomnia, confusion -Movement -Withdrawl -Wearing-off Syndrome -On-Off Syndrome |
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Levodopa Interactions
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MAO A Inhibitors
Tricyclic Antidepressants Pyrixoine (B6) |
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Additional Treatments for Parkinson's
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Dopamine Agonists
MAO Inhibitors COMT Inhibitors Muscarinic Antagonists Amantadine REGARDLESS OF TX - DISEASE CONTINUES TO PROGRESS!! |
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Huntington's Disease
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Loss of neurons in the striatum
Chorea, Cognitive Impairments |
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Alzheimer's Disease Treatment
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Augment cholinergic function of the brain
-acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
