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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 4 lobes of the brain? |
- frontal lobe - parietal lobe - temporal lobe - occipital lobe |
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name two main areas |
- Wernicke's area - Broca's area |
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what is normal function of the frontal lobe? |
- programming and execution of voluntary motor skills - higher thought processes eg. abstract thought - decision making - intellectual insight and judgement - expression of emotions |
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symptoms of altered function of the frontal lobe? |
- Changes in affect e.g. flattening
- Alteration in language production - altered motor functioning - Impulsive behaviour - Impaired decision making - concrete thinking |
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Normal function of the parietal lobe? |
- Sensory perception – receiving sensory info (including visual, tactile & auditory), organising it, & communicating it to rest of brain
- Association areas allow for such things as accurately following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing oneself |
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Symptoms of altered function of the parietal lobe: |
- Altered sensory perceptions e.g. decreased consciousness of pain
- Difficulty with time concepts – keeping appointments etc - Alteration in personal hygiene - Alteration in ability to calculate numbers - Mixing up right & left - Poor attention span |
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normal function of the temporal lobe: |
- Upper part is mainly responsible for hearing & receiving information via ears
- Lower part is dedicated to short-term memory recall - Expression of emotions |
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Impaired function of the temporal lobe symptoms? |
- Auditory hallucinations
- Alterations in memory - Altered emotional responses |
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Normal function of the occipital lobe? |
- Mainly responsible for seeing and receiving information via eyes
- Colour recognition; recognise and name objects |
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symptoms of altered function of occipital lobe? |
visual hallucinations |
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normal function of broca's area? |
controls muscles of speech |
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altered function of broca's area? |
motor aphasia |
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normal function of the wernicke's area? |
Language - Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area work together to facilitate normal communication
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altered function of the wernickes area? |
sensory aphasia |
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what is sometimes also called the emotional brain? |
the limbic system |
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what is the limbic system involved in? |
primary role in a range of emotions, smell and memory |
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Name the 4 components of the limbic system: |
- amygdala - thalamus - hypothalamus - hippocampus |
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function of the amygdala? |
Modulates emotional states (e.g. anger, aggression, love) & affective responses to events
Fear reactions (e.g. panic & violent rage) |
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what disorders is the amygdala ass. with> |
Bipolar affective disorder
Anxiety disorders Autism |
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function of the thalamus? |
Filters (to prevent cortical overload) sensory info re: emotions, mood, memory & directs it to appropriate regions of the cortex
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thalamus associated with? |
schizophrenia |
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hypothalamus function? |
Regulates some of the most basic human functions including:
- sleep-rest patterns - body temperature - thirst - physical drives (hunger/sex) |
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hypothalamus associated with.. |
Appetite and sleep problems in depression.
Seasonal mood changes of SAD (seasonal affective disorder). Temperature regulation problems in schizophrenia. Hormonal problems due to close association with pituitary gland. |
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hippocampus function? |
Major role in encoding, consolidation, retrieval of memories
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hippocampus ass. with? |
Alzheimer’s disease
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what does damage or alteration to basal nuclei result in? |
- tremor - muscle rigidity - involuntary muscle movements |
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what is dysfunction of basal nuclei associated with? |
- Huntington's disease - schizophrenia - parkinson's - OCD - anxiety |
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what are extrapyramidal side effects the result of? |
altered basal nuclei function |
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what are many mental disorders thought to be a result of? |
an imbalance in neurotransmitter levels |
