Neurobio Exam 2

Front 1

Agonists of Vagusstuff?

Back 1

Muscarine and Nicotine

Front 2

accelerans

Back 2

Norepinephrine

Front 3

vagus

Back 3

ACh

Front 4

Atropine

Back 4

Block effect of AChR on heart

Front 5

Curare

Back 5

Blocks effect of AChR on post-ganglionic and skeletal muscle

Front 6

alpha-bungarotoxin

Back 6

Blocks AChR only on skeletal muscle

Front 7

Preganglionic Neuron location

Back 7

Dorsal Horn

Front 8

Sensory Neuron location

Back 8

Dorsal horn

Front 9

gamma motor neuron location

Back 9

ventral

Front 10

alpha motor neuron location

Back 10

ventral

Front 11

Proprioceptor

Back 11

Golgi Tendon Organ

Front 12

GTO

Back 12

Stops over-contracting muscles

Front 13

Muscle Spindle

Back 13

prevents over-stretching muscles

Front 14

Structure of TRP channel

Back 14

6 Transmembrane domains make 1 subunit

Front 15

TRPV1 temperature and temperature senseing (protein) domain?

Back 15

Noxious heat and C-terminal

Front 16

TRPV4 temperature and temperature senseing (protein) domain?

Back 16

Heat and S3

Front 17

TRPM8 temperature and temperature senseing (protein) domain?

Back 17

Noxious cold and C-terminal

Front 18

TRPA1 temperature and temperature senseing (protein) domain?

Back 18

Noxious cold and unknown

Front 19

Activation chemical for TRPV1 and chemical (protein) sensing domain?

Back 19

Capsaicin and S2, S3, S4

Front 20

Activation chemical for TRPV4 and chemical (protein) sensing domain?

Back 20

No chemicals are known of

Front 21

Activation chemical for TRPM8 and chemical (protein) sensing domain?

Back 21

Menthol and S2, S4, and TRP

Front 22

Activation chemical for TRPA1 and chemical (protein) sensing domain?

Back 22

Garlic, Horseradish, Cinnamon and N-terminal cysteines

Front 23

What type of TRP channels do humans and mice not have?

Back 23

TRPN, group 1

Front 24

Subfamily nomenclature for TRPV?

Back 24

Vanilloid

Front 25

Subfamily nomenclature for TRPM?

Back 25

Melastatin

Front 26

Subfamily nomenclature for TRPA?

Back 26

ankyrin

Front 27

Special notes on TRPV1 with chemical domains?

Back 27

S2-S4 are only capsaicin sensing domains in Mammals

Front 28

Special notes on TRPA1 with chemical domains?

Back 28

Have ankyrin repeats

Front 29

Excitatory neurotransmitter in brain?

Back 29

Glutamate

Front 30

Inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain?

Back 30

GABA

Front 31

Cardiac muscle agonist?

Back 31

muscarine and ACh

Front 32

Skeletal muscle and post-ganglionic neurons agonist?

Back 32

ACh

Front 33

Cholinergic synapse effect on cardiac muscle?

Back 33

inhibition

Front 34

Cholinergic synapse effect on skeletal muscle and postganglionic neurons?

Back 34

excitation

Front 35

How does freeze-fracture microscopy work?

Back 35

Freeze a muscle and then look at its membrane where vesicles form

Front 36

EPPs are?

Back 36

Evoked, Synchronized, Variable, Decrement with Distance

Front 37

mEPPs are?

Back 37

Spontaneous, Random, Small, Decrement with distance

Front 38

What neurotransmitter is used by vertebrates?

Back 38

ACh

Front 39

What neurotransmitter is used by invertebrates?

Back 39

Glutamate

Front 40

What electrical synapses use to transfer electricity?

Back 40

Gap junction

Front 41

Where are EPP's at in myoatic knee jerk?

Back 41

neuromuscular junction

Front 42

Where are EPSPs in myoatic knee jerk?

Back 42

sensory neuron to motor neuron synapse

Front 43

Where are IPSPs in myoatic knee jerk?

Back 43

inhibitory neuron to motor neuron synapse

Front 44

Where are Nicotinic AChRs found?

Back 44

skeletal muscle

Front 45

EPP?

Back 45

local depolarization

Front 46

What are AChR permeable to?

Back 46

Na and K

Front 47

Erev > threshold

Back 47

excitatory

Front 48

Erev < threshold

Back 48

inhibitory

Front 49

Modified lipid precursor? Special

Back 49

ACh

Front 50

Modified amino acids? Special

Back 50

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Front 51

Amino acids? standard

Back 51

Glutamate, glycine

Front 52

Ionotropic

Back 52

ion channel too. fast

Front 53

Metabotropic

Back 53

slow. can indirectly activate ion channel

Front 54

Metabotropic receptors?

Back 54

beta-adrenergic, muscarinic AChR

Front 55

Metabotropic structure?

Back 55

7 transmembrane

Front 56

Cys loop receptors?

Back 56

nicotinic AChR, GABA and glycine

Front 57

Cys loop structure?

Back 57

5 subunits , 4 transmembrane per subunit. Bind inbetween two subunits

Front 58

GABA receptor found mostly?

Back 58

Brain

Front 59

Glycine receptor found mostly?

Back 59

Spinal cord

Front 60

iGlu receptors?

Back 60

Glutamate

Front 61

Subtypes of iGluR?

Back 61

Kainate, AMPA and NMDA

Front 62

iGluR structure?

Back 62

3 Transmembrane units per unit. 4 units. Glutamate binds in a single subunit

Front 63

P2X structure?

Back 63

3 subunits, made of 2 transmembrane each. Binds between 2 subunits

Front 64

ANS has what?

Back 64

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Front 65

Distance of ganglion from sympathetic ANS?

Back 65

close to spinal cord

Front 66

Distance of ganglion from parasympathetic ANS?

Back 66

far away from spinal cord

Front 67

4 parts to spinal cord?

Back 67

Top to bot: Cervical, thorasic, lumbar, sacral

Front 68

Ventral position?

Back 68

facing out. Information goes down from brain down this

Front 69

Dorsal position?

Back 69

farthest back. Information goes from sensory neurons to brain

Front 70

Ventral horn?

Back 70

lower part of gray matter

Front 71

dorsal horn?

Back 71

upper part of gray matter

Front 72

largest gray matter in spinal cord region?

Back 72

lumbar and cervical. most cell bodies found here to control muscles

Front 73

ventral root goes where?

Back 73

out the front

Front 74

dorsal root goes where?

Back 74

out the back

Front 75

interneurons located where?

Back 75

dorsal horn

Front 76

What happens at the intermediolateral area?

Back 76

preganglionic neurons of ANS

Front 77

motor pathway for somatic cells?

Back 77

exit out of ventral root directly to muscle

Front 78

motor pathway for visceral cells?

Back 78

Exit out of ventral root and goes to autonomic ganglion

Front 79

Autonomic ganglion is equal to...?

Back 79

sympathetic ganglion

Front 80

Muscle sensory system that detects stretching?

Back 80

Muscle Spindle

Front 81

Muscle sensory system that detects contraction

Back 81

Golgi Tendon Organ

Front 82

P2X receptors?

Back 82

ATP

Front 83

Control of muscle length called?

Back 83

Myotatic muscle reflex

Front 84

What afferent does Muscle spindle use?

Back 84

Ia

Front 85

what afferent does GTO use?

Back 85

Ib

Front 86

pathway of muscle spindle?

Back 86

Ia to alpha motor neuron. Alpha motor neuron to muscle to tell it to contract. Ia will activate inhibitory interneuron that goes to antagonist muscle, so both don't contract at once

Front 87

relation between 1a and gamma neuron?

Back 87

when Ia is slack, gamma will fire to take up slack in Ia so it can be used.

Front 88

how does GTO work?

Back 88

collagen fibrils compress under contraction and cause Ib to fire

Front 89

GTO pathway?

Back 89

Senses contraction, fires to inhibitory interneuron that fires to alpha motor neuron that tells muscle to relax

Front 90

What is disynaptic pathway?

Back 90

Two synapses are activated by one sensory neuron

Front 91

what type of feedback system is GTO and muscle spindle?

Back 91

negative feedback?

Front 92

Glycine is what kind of synapse?

Back 92

inhibitory

Front 93

Glutamate is what kind of synapse?

Back 93

excitatory

Front 94

Structure of TRP channel

Back 94

6 Transmembrane domains make 1 subunit
4 subunits make channel
Permeable to Ca and K