Neuroanatomy Test Ii

Front 1

Glial Cells are found..

Back 1

Only in the CNS

Front 2

Most abundant of the glia

Back 2

Astrocytes

Front 3

Two kinds of astrocytes

Back 3

Fibrous and protoplasmic

Front 4

This cell is activated following traumatic or ischemic injury or inflammation

Back 4

Microglia

Front 5

Microglia are found

Back 5

In both the white and gray matter of the CNS

Front 6

Large spinal medullary artery usually found on the left in low thoracic or upper lumbar levels

Back 6

Artery of Adamkiewicz

Front 7

Blood supply to the spinal cord is augmented by

Back 7

Ant. and Post spinal medullary arteries

Front 8

Circular fold that forms the roof of the sella turcica
-passage of the stalk of the pituitary

Back 8

Diaphragma Sellae

Front 9

Lateral extensions of pia mater along the spinal cord that attach the spinal cord to dura mater.

Back 9

Denticulate ligaments

Front 10

Thread-like extension of spinal pia, joins with spinal dura to form coccygeal ligament

Back 10

Filum terminale

Front 11

Lining of the venticles

Back 11

ependyma

Front 12

The narrow portion of the spinal cord at its caudal end

Back 12

Conus medullaris

Front 13

C5 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 13

Shoulder & Lateral Arm, Shoulder Abduction, Biceps Brachii

Front 14

C6 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 14

Lateral Forearm, Elbow Flexion & Wrist Extension, Brachioradialis

Front 15

C7 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 15

Middle Finger, Elbow Extension & Wrist Flexion, Triceps Brachii

Front 16

T4 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 16

Level of the nipple

Front 17

T10 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 17

Umbilicus

Front 18

L4 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 18

Medial Knee and Leg, Knee Extension, Quadriceps (Patellar) Tendon

Front 19

S1 Dermatome, Myotome, & Tendon Reflex

Back 19

Lateral Foot, Ankle Plantar Flexion, Achilles Tendon

Front 20

Lateral Horn of Gray Matter is seen between which spinal cord levels?

Back 20

T1-L2

Front 21

The lateral motor group of the anterior gray horn is seen at which spinal levels?

Back 21

C5-T1 & L2-S3

Front 22

Nucleus Dorsalis (Clarke's Column) is found at which spinal levels?

Back 22

C8-L2

Front 23

Lamina I

Back 23

Posteromarginal Nucleus

Front 24

Lamina II

Back 24

Substantia Gelatinosa

Front 25

Lamina III-V

Back 25

Nucleus Proprius

Front 26

Lamina VII

Back 26

Clarke's Column & Lateral Gray Horn

Front 27

Lamina IX

Back 27

Motor Columns

Front 28

White matter located at the most superficial tip of the posterior cell column - contains fibers from sensory cells located in the dorsal root ganglion

Back 28

Lissauer's Tract

Front 29

3 symptoms of Brown-Sequard Syndrome

Back 29

1. ipsilateral spastic paralysis
2. ispilateral loss of discriminative touch, vibration and proprioception
3. Contralateral loss of Pain and Temperature

Front 30

Congenital absence of Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses, usually in the colon

Back 30

Hirschprung's Disease (congenital megacolon)

Front 31

Preganglionic Neurons of the SNS are located where?

Back 31

In the lateral gray horn (intermediolateral cell column) of the spinal cord between T1-L2/3

Front 32

Adrenal medulla and autonomic ganglia are both derived from:

Back 32

Neural Crest

Front 33

Cardiac Referred Pain

Back 33

Pain in the chest and inside of the left arm: Dermatomes T1-T4

Front 34

Gall Bladder Referred Pain

Back 34

Right upper abdomen and scapula: Dermatomes T6-T8

Front 35

Stomach

Back 35

Dermatomes T7-T8

Front 36

Appendix Referred Pain

Back 36

Dermatome 10 with a shift to LRQ if peritoneum is involved

Front 37

The nuclei of the PSNS innervating pelvic areaare located where?

Back 37

In the lateral horns of S2-S4

Front 38

Edinger Westphal preganglionics travel with which nerve and synapse where?

Back 38

Travels with oculomotor nerve (CN III) and synapses on ciliary gangion.

Front 39

Two effects of Edinger Westphal Nucleus

Back 39

Constriction of the pupil and accomodation

Front 40

Superior salivatory and lacrimal neurons send axons via which nerve and where?

Back 40

Nervus intermedius of the facial nerve & to the sphenopalatine and submandibular ganglion

Front 41

Inferior salivatory nucleus sends axons via which nerve that synapse where?

Back 41

Travels with glossopharyngeal nerve to otic ganglion. Innervated parotid.

Front 42

Preganglionic fibers from DMNV travel via which nerve and innervate what?

Back 42

Travels with the vagus nerve and innervates heart, GI tract, etc.

Front 43

Synthesizes Vasopressin (ADH)

Back 43

Supraoptic Nucleus

Front 44

Synthesizes Oxytocin

Back 44

Paraventricular Nucleus

Front 45

Controls parasympathetic system

Back 45

Preoptic and anterior nuclei

Front 46

Controls sympathetic system

Back 46

Posterior and Lateral Nuclei

Front 47

Regulates temperature in response to heat

Back 47

Anterior hypothalamic nuclei

Front 48

Regulates temperature in response to cold

Back 48

Posterior hypothalamic nuclei

Front 49

Initiates eating and increases food intake (hunger center)

Back 49

Lateral Hypothalamic Nuclei

Front 50

Inhibits eating and eating and reduces food intake (satiety center)

Back 50

Medial Hypothalamic Nuclei

Front 51

Increases water intake (thirst center)

Back 51

Lateral hypothalamic nuclei

Front 52

Controls Circadian Rhythms

Back 52

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Front 53

Located in the temporal lobe just deep to the uncus.

Back 53

Amygdala

Front 54

Cause and symptoms of Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Back 54

Damage to the anygdala resulting in placid behavior, visual agnosi, oral tendencies and hypersexuality

Front 55

Connection between the hypothalmus and the amygdala

Back 55

Stia Terminalis

Front 56

3 Dorsal Tier Subnuclei of the lateral Thalamus

Back 56

Lateral dorsal, Lateral posterior, and pulvinar

Front 57

4 Ventral tier subnuclei

Back 57

ventral anterior, ventral lateral, ventral posterior, and posterior nucleus

Front 58

The principal nucleus of the medial group of the thalamus

Back 58

dorsomedial nucleus

Front 59

Nucleus within the internal medullary lamina

Back 59

intralaminar nuclei

Front 60

Largest nucleus in the internal medullary lamina

Back 60

centromedian nucleus

Front 61

Syndrome due to vascular lesions in the sensory part of the thalamus associated with exaggerated disagreeable sensations

Back 61

Thalamic pain syndrome or central pain syndrome

Front 62

Consists of neuropil and a few cells

Back 62

Layer I- Molecular layer

Front 63

Has many small stellate (star) cells

Back 63

Layer II- external granule cell layer

Front 64

Many corticospinal fibers terminate in these two layers

Back 64

Layers II and III

Front 65

Has small pyramidal shaped cells

Back 65

Layer III- External pyramidal cell layer

Front 66

Souce of corticocortical efferent fibers both ipsilateral and contralateral

Back 66

Layer III- External pyramidal cell layer

Front 67

Has Stellate cells

Back 67

Layer IV- Internal granule cell layer

Front 68

Thalamocortical afferents terminate in this layer

Back 68

Layer IV- Internal Granule cell layer

Front 69

Has large pyramidal cells

Back 69

Layer V- Internal pyramidal cell layer

Front 70

Subcoritcal efferent fibers are located in this layer

Back 70

Layer V- Internal pyramidal cell layer

Front 71

Has spindle, pyramidal and stellate shaped cells

Back 71

Layer VI- multiform layer

Front 72

corticothalamic efferents originate here

Back 72

Layer VI- Multiform layer

Front 73

Primary Motor Cortex

Back 73

Area 4 (Precentral gyrus)

Front 74

Primary somatosensory cortex

Back 74

Areas 1,2,3 (postcentral gyrus)

Front 75

Primary Visual cortex

Back 75

Area 17 (either side of calcarine sulcus)

Front 76

Primary auditory cortex

Back 76

Area 41 and 42- superior temporal gyrus

Front 77

Motor Area for speech

Back 77

Area 44 and 45 (Broca's area)

Front 78

Thought to be essential for consolidation of short-term memory to long-term memory

Back 78

Hippocampus

Front 79

Olfactory (I) Nerve Function

Back 79

SVA Special sensory, Smell

Front 80

Optic (II) Function

Back 80

SSA, Special Sensory, Vision

Front 81

Oculomotor (III) Function

Back 81

GSE, Somatic Motor, levator palpebrae, recti muscles, and ciliary and pupillary constrictor muscles

Front 82

Trochlear (IV) Nerve

Back 82

GSE, Somatic Motor, Superior Oblique Muscle

Front 83

Trigeminal (V) Function

Back 83

SVE (Branchial Motor) & GSA (General Sensory). Muscles of mastication, general sensation of head and neck, taste for ant, 2/3 of tongue

Front 84

Abducens (VI) Nerve functions

Back 84

GSE, Somatic Motor, Lateral rectus muscle

Front 85

Facial (VII) Nerve Functions

Back 85

SVE, GVE, GSA, SVA, muscles of facial expression, glands of the head and tate of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Front 86

Vestibulochoclear VIII Functions

Back 86

SSA, Hearing and balance

Front 87

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Back 87

SVE, GVE, GVA, GSA, SVA, tates and sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, parotid gland, carotid body

Front 88

Vagus (X)

Back 88

SVE, GVE, GVA, GSA,

Front 89

Spinal Accessory Nerve Functions

Back 89

SVE, Trapezius and SCM

Front 90

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

Back 90

GSE, Tongue muscles except palatoglossal.

Front 91

Pure Motor Nerves

Back 91

III, IV, VI, XI, XII

Front 92

Pure Sensory Nerves

Back 92

I, II, VIII