Neuroanatomy Hypothalamus & Pituitary - Oklahoma (Ouhsc) Fall 2006

Front 1

The pineal gland is a part of what structure?

Back 1

epithalamus

Front 2

Is the pineal gland located on the anterior or posterior aspect of the 3rd ventricle?

Back 2

posterior

Front 3

What type of cells does the pineal gland consist of?

Back 3

Pinealocytes

Front 4

Through what structure does the retina project to the pineal gland?

Back 4

hypothalamus

Front 5

In post-pubertal humans, what is thought to be the primary fuction of the pineal gland?

Back 5

production of melatonin for sleep

Front 6

If you have a hyperactive pineal gland the onset of puberty will be delayed or accelerated?

Back 6

delayed

Front 7

What is the thin strip of tissue that connects the two walls of the 3rd ventricle?

Back 7

Masa intermedius

Front 8

As you age, you get calcium deposits in the pineal gland and choroid plexus, these are called: ____ and it were used to diagnose:

Back 8

brain sand, brain injuries like subdural hematoma

Front 9

From anterior to posterior, name the three sections of the hypothalamus:

Back 9

supraoptic(suprachiasmatic), tuberal, and mammillary

Front 10

Name the 4 major inputs to the hypothalamus:

Back 10

Septal region, thalamus, fornix, and group 4 (vagal sensory, taste from solitary nucleus, somatic from genitalia/nipples, retinal afferents)

Front 11

list the steps from the amigdala to the cingulate gyrus

Back 11

Amigdala>hippicampus> fornix>mamillary nucleus of hypothalamus > anterior nucleus of thalamus > cingulate gyrus

Front 12

Which three afferents to the hypothalamus are related w/ the limbic system:

Back 12

Septal region, thalamus, fornix

Front 13

If stalk of Rathke’s pouch doesn’t disappear during development, then what condition can result?

Back 13

you can have a duct that drains anterior pituitary hormones into oral cavity

Front 14

Which hormones are related to the neurohypophysis

Back 14

vasopressin (ADH) & oxytocin

Front 15

Diabetes insipidus results in what condition and is caused by lack of what?

Back 15

incessant urination & vasopressin

Front 16

Excessive vasopressin reduces urination and is called:

Back 16

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH

Front 17

Prolactin Inhibiting hormone (PIH) was discovered to be what?

Back 17

dopamine

Front 18

What is the condition that results in spontaneous lactation called?

Back 18

galactorrhea

Front 19

If a patient presents with galactorrhea and bilateral vision loss, they most likely have _______

Back 19

prolactinoma, (causing compression of optic chiasm)

Front 20

beta-lipotropin is a precursor of

Back 20

beta endorphins

Front 21

which receptors in the hyopthalamus control the release of ADH?

Back 21

osmoreceptors

Front 22

When light stimulates your sleeping eye, the retinosuprachiasmatic pathway activates what cascade of hormone release that assists in waking?

Back 22

release of CRH (corticotropin RH) increasing ACTH, that increases cortisol level from adrenal cortex, which causes increase of epinepherine from adrenal medulla